---
title: croaky — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «croaky» in the school dictionary: Sounding rough, low and hoarse, especially because of a sore throat or a cold. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# croaky

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** frog, I, voice, Dad, croaky voice, She · **What happens:** sound, croak, get, be, cheer, ask · **To what, where:** cold, match, croaky call, pond, phone, warm honey · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«croaky» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [croaky in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/croaky.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sounding rough, low and hoarse, especially because of a sore throat or a cold.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:croaky:m1:1
# text = Sounding rough, low and hoarse, especially because of a sore throat or a cold.
1	Sounding	sound	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	csubj	_	_
2	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	hoarse	hoarse	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
9	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | rough *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sounding like the croak of a frog or crow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:croaky:m2:1
# text = Sounding like the croak of a frog or crow.
1	Sounding	sound	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	like	like	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	croak	croak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	crow	crow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | like the croak of a frog or crow | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **croak** |  | a frog or crow |  |  |  |  |  | nom croak «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I've got a cold and my voice is all croaky.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:croaky:x1:1
# text = I've got a cold and my voice is all croaky.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	've	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	got	get	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	all	all	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	croaky	croaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present · perfect | I | a cold |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cold=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | present | my voice |  |  |  |  | all, croaky *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After cheering at the match, Dad was croaky for two days.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:croaky:x2:1
# text = After cheering at the match, Dad was croaky for two days.
1	After	after	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	cheering	cheer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	croaky	croaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheer** | gerund | Dad *not said here* |  |  | the match |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is** | past | Dad |  |  |  | day | croaky *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Who's there?" asked a croaky voice.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:croaky:x3:1
# text = "Who's there?" asked a croaky voice.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
7	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	croaky	croaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  | there *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | a croaky voice |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The frog gave a croaky call from the pond.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:croaky:x4:1
# text = The frog gave a croaky call from the pond.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	croaky	croaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	call	call	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the frog | a croaky call |  | the pond |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent call=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She sounded croaky on the phone, so I knew she was ill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:croaky:x5:1
# text = She sounded croaky on the phone, so I knew she was ill.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sounded	sound	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	croaky	croaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | past | She |  |  | the phone |  | croaky *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on phone=Location |
| 2 | **know** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is** | past | she |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drink some warm honey and lemon for your croaky throat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:croaky:x6:1
# text = Drink some warm honey and lemon for your croaky throat.
1	Drink	drink	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
3	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	honey	honey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	lemon	lemon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	croaky	croaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	throat	throat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** | imperative | you *not said here* | some warm honey and lemon |  |  |  | for your croaky throat | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent honey=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
‘Are you Hannah the herb seller?’ she asked in a croaky voice as her head shook to and fro.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:croaky:x7:1
# text = ‘Are you Hannah the herb seller?’ she asked in a croaky voice as her head shook to and fro.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	Hannah	Hannah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	herb	herb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	seller	seller	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
10	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	croaky	croaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	shook	shake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	obl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	fro	fro	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | you | Hannah |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | Hannah |  |  | a croaky voice |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **shake** | past | Hannah's head |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **fro** | infinitive | Hannah's head *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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