---
title: crocus — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «crocus» in the school dictionary: A small flower that grows from a bulb-like corm and comes up early in spring, often purple, yellow or white, shaped like a cup. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# crocus

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** small flower, flowers, kind, first crocuses, We, Saffron · **What happens:** grow, come up, shape, kind, give, make · **To what, where:** saffron, spice, red threads, crocus bulbs, school garden, bee

<!-- .vabout -->
«crocus» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [crocus in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/crocus.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small flower that grows from a bulb-like corm and comes up early in spring, often purple, yellow or white, shaped like a cup.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crocus:m1:1
# text = A small flower that grows from a bulb-like corm and comes up early in spring, often purple, yellow or white, shaped like a cup.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
8	bulb	bulb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	corm	corm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	often	often	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	purple	purple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	parataxis	_	_
27	like	like	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	cup	cup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | a small flower |  |  |  |  | from a like corm | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from corm=Patient |
| 2 | **come up** | present | a small flower *not said here* |  |  |  | spring | early *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | like a cup | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kind of crocus that flowers in autumn gives saffron, a spice made from its red threads.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crocus:m2:1
# text = A kind of crocus that flowers in autumn gives saffron, a spice made from its red threads.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	crocus	crocus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	det	_	_
6	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
9	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	saffron	saffron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	spice	spice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
14	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	threads	thread	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kind** |  | that flowers |  |  |  | autumn | of crocus | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | present | a kind | saffron |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saffron=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | participle |  | a spice *not said here* |  | kind's red threads |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from thread=Material |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The first crocuses were peeping through the snow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crocus:x1:1
# text = The first crocuses were peeping through the snow.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	crocuses	crocus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	peeping	peep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **peep** | past · progressive | the first crocuses |  |  |  |  | through the snow | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through snow=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We planted crocus bulbs in the school garden in autumn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crocus:x2:1
# text = We planted crocus bulbs in the school garden in autumn.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	planted	plant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	crocus	crocus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	bulbs	bulb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plant** | past | We | crocus bulbs |  | the school garden | autumn |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bulb=Theme in garden=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bee buzzed into a purple crocus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crocus:x3:1
# text = A bee buzzed into a purple crocus.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	buzzed	buzz	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	purple	purple	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	crocus	crocus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buzz** | participle |  | a bee *not said here* |  | a purple crocus |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent into crocus=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Saffron comes from a special crocus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crocus:x4:1
# text = Saffron comes from a special crocus.
1	Saffron	saffron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	special	special	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	crocus	crocus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Saffron |  |  | a special crocus |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from crocus=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The park lawn was covered in yellow and white crocuses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crocus:x5:1
# text = The park lawn was covered in yellow and white crocuses.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	lawn	lawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
10	crocuses	crocus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | past · passive |  | the park lawn |  |  |  | in yellow crocuses | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in crocus=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Crocuses close their petals when it is cloudy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crocus:x6:1
# text = Crocuses close their petals when it is cloudy.
1	Crocuses	crocus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	close	close	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	petals	petal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	cloudy	cloudy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | present | Crocuses | Crocuses's petals |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent petal=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | cloudy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was in the early spring, when the crocus and the snowdrop were in full bloom.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crocus:x7:1
# text = It was in the early spring, when the crocus and the snowdrop were in full bloom.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
8	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	crocus	crocus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	snowdrop	snowdrop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
14	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	bloom	bloom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | It |  |  |  | in the early spring and full bloom |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | the crocus and the snowdrop |  |  | full bloom |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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