---
title: crone — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «crone» in the school dictionary: An old woman, often ugly, spiteful or wise, who is seen as frightening. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/crone/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [C](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/) / crone

# crone

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** crone, That, old crone · **What happens:** see, reply, not look, say, not like · **To what, where:** this · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«crone» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [crone in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/crone.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use, in fairy tales — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An old woman, often ugly, spiteful or wise, who is seen as frightening.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crone:m1:1
# text = An old woman, often ugly, spiteful or wise, who is seen as frightening.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	often	often	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	ugly	ugly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	spiteful	spiteful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	wise	wise	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	frightening	frightening	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | as frightening | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as frightening=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Be off, old crone!» he replied.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crone:x1:1
# text = «Be off, old crone!» he replied.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	cop	_	_
3	off	off	ADP	RP	_	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	crone	crone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | crone |  |  |  |  |  | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«That doesn't look well,» says the old crone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crone:x2:1
# text = «That doesn't look well,» says the old crone.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	ccomp	_	_
6	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
9	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	crone	crone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **look** *in a quote* | present · do-support | That |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the old crone |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old crone did not like this either.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crone:x3:1
# text = The old crone did not like this either.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	crone	crone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	like	like	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	obj	_	_
8	either	either	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **like** | past · do-support | the old crone | this |  |  |  | either *property* | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot this=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [croissant](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/croissant/)
- next →: [crook](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/crook/)
- ↑ back to [C in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/C/)