---
title: cropper — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cropper» in the school dictionary: Come a cropper: to fall over badly, or to fail badly: he came a cropper on his bike. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cropper

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, he, plant, farmer, team, apple tree · **What happens:** come, fall over, fail, give, produce, work · **To what, where:** cropper, bike, crop, lot, land, owner

<!-- .vabout -->
«cropper» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cropper in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cropper.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal, UK, Australia, NZ — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Come a cropper: to fall over badly, or to fail badly: he came a cropper on his bike.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cropper:m1:1
# text = Come a cropper: to fall over badly, or to fail badly: he came a cropper on his bike.
1	Come	come	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cropper	cropper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	_
7	over	over	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	fail	fail	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
13	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	parataxis	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	cropper	cropper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | imperative | you *not said here* | a cropper |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cropper=Theme |
| 2 | **fall over** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **fail** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | badly *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **come** | past | he | a cropper |  | his bike |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cropper=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A plant that gives a crop: a good cropper (a plant that produces a lot).

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cropper:m2:1
# text = A plant that gives a crop: a good cropper (a plant that produces a lot).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crop	crop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	cropper	cropper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	produces	produce	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | a plant | a crop and a good cropper |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crop=Theme |
| 2 | **produce** | present | a plant | a lot |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Result |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: US, history — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sharecropper: a farmer who works land and pays the owner with part of the crop.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cropper:m3:1
# text = A sharecropper: a farmer who works land and pays the owner with part of the crop.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sharecropper	sharecropper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	pays	pay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	crop	crop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | present | a farmer | land |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent land=Material |
| 2 | **pay** | present | a farmer *not said here* | the owner |  |  |  | with part of the crop | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent owner=Asset |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He raced down the hill and came a cropper at the bottom.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cropper:x1:1
# text = He raced down the hill and came a cropper at the bottom.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	raced	race	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	down	down	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cropper	cropper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **race** | past | He |  |  | the hill |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme down hill=Trajectory |
| 2 | **come** | past | He *not said here* | a cropper |  | the bottom |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cropper=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(informal) The team came a cropper in the final and lost 5–0.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cropper:x2:1
# text = (informal) The team came a cropper in the final and lost 5–0.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	informal	informal	NUM	LS	_	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cropper	cropper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	final	final	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	–	–	SYM	SYM	ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	0	0	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the team | a cropper |  | the final |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cropper=Theme |
| 2 | **lose** | past | the team *not said here* | 5 |  |  |  | – 0 | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 5=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Watch out for ice or you'll come a cropper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cropper:x3:1
# text = Watch out for ice or you'll come a cropper.
1	Watch	watch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cropper	cropper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch out** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for ice | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for ice=Theme |
| 2 | **come** | future | you | a cropper |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cropper=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This apple tree is a heavy cropper — we picked 200 apples.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cropper:x4:1
# text = This apple tree is a heavy cropper — we picked 200 apples.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
2	apple	apple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	cropper	cropper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
9	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	picked	pick	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	200	200	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this apple tree | a heavy cropper |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pick** | past | we | 200 apples |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The horse came a cropper at the last fence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cropper:x5:1
# text = The horse came a cropper at the last fence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cropper	cropper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the horse | a cropper |  | the last fence |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cropper=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These tomatoes are good croppers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cropper:x6:1
# text = These tomatoes are good croppers.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	tomatoes	tomato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	croppers	cropper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this tomatoes | good croppers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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