---
title: crossways — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «crossways» in the school dictionary: Across from one side to the other, not along; at an angle, often a right angle, to something else. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# crossways

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** one thing, crossways, four roads, you, car, US · **What happens:** place, cross, be, meet, cut, lay · **To what, where:** another, place, sandwich crossways, two triangles, planks, stream

<!-- .vabout -->
«crossways» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [crossways in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/crossways.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Across from one side to the other, not along; at an angle, often a right angle, to something else.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crossways:m1:1
# text = Across from one side to the other, not along; at an angle, often a right angle, to something else.
1	Across	across	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	along	along	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	angle	angle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	often	often	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	angle	angle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	19	appos	_	_
23	else	else	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Placed so that one thing crosses over another, like an X.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crossways:m2:1
# text = Placed so that one thing crosses over another, like an X.
1	Placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	6	mark	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	2	fixed	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	crosses	cross	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	X	x	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **place** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cross** | present | one thing |  |  | another |  | like a X | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme over another=Initial\_Location |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A crossways is a place where four or more roads meet, a crossroads.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crossways:m3:1
# text = A crossways is a place where four or more roads meet, a crossroads.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crossways	crossway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	11	advmod	_	_
7	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	conj	_	_
10	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	meet	meet	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	crossroads	crossroad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a crossways | a place and a crossroads |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **meet** | present | four roads |  |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cut the sandwich crossways into two triangles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crossways:x1:1
# text = Cut the sandwich crossways into two triangles.
1	Cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	sandwich	sandwich	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	crossways	crossway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	triangles	triangle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | imperative | you *not said here* | the sandwich crossways |  | two triangles |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent crossway=Material into triangle=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lay the planks crossways over the stream.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crossways:x2:1
# text = Lay the planks crossways over the stream.
1	Lay	lay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	planks	plank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	crossways	crossway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | imperative | you *not said here* | the planks |  | the stream |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent plank=Theme crossway=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sticks were placed crossways to make a cross.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crossways:x3:1
# text = The sticks were placed crossways to make a cross.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sticks	stick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	crossways	crossway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cross	cross	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **place** | past · passive |  | the sticks |  |  |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme crossway=Destination |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a cross |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cross=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The carrot was sliced crossways into round coins.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crossways:x4:1
# text = The carrot was sliced crossways into round coins.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	carrot	carrot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	sliced	slice	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	crossways	crossway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slice** | past · passive |  | the carrot |  | round coins |  |  | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP ADJP»: subject=Patient crossway=Result |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car stopped crossways across the road and blocked it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crossways:x5:1
# text = The car stopped crossways across the road and blocked it.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	crossways	crossway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	blocked	block	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | the car | crossways |  | the road |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality crossway=Eventuality |
| 2 | **block** | past | the car *not said here* | car |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer it=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fold the paper crossways, from one corner to the other.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crossways:x6:1
# text = Fold the paper crossways, from one corner to the other.
1	Fold	fold	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	crossways	crossway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	corner	corner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fold** | imperative | you *not said here* | the paper crossways |  | one corner to the other |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent crossway=Product from corner=Material |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(US informal) He got crossways with his coach and was benched.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crossways:x7:1
# text = (US informal) He got crossways with his coach and was benched.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
5	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	crossways	crossway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	benched	bench	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | US | crossways |  |  |  | with his coach | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer crossway=Stimulus |
| 2 | **bench** | past · passive | US *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme» |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When they had got on some way they came to four crossways, each leading to a different country.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crossways:x8:1
# text = When they had got on some way they came to four crossways, each leading to a different country.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	got	get	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	crossways	crossway	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	nsubj	_	_
15	leading	lead	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	acl	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past · perfect | they |  |  | some way |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on way=Source |
| 2 | **come** | past | they | some way *not said here* |  |  |  | to four crossways | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme |
| 3 | **lead** | gerund | each | four crossways *not said here* |  | a different country |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent crossway=Theme to country=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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