---
title: crouch — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «crouch» in the school dictionary: To crouch means to bend your knees and lower your body close to the ground, leaning forward a little. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# crouch

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** crouch, you, We, Sprinters, smoke, I · **What happens:** crouch, mean, bend, lean, be, pounce · **To what, where:** knees, little, low bent position, cat, desk, bush · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«crouch» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [crouch in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/crouch.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To crouch means to bend your knees and lower your body close to the ground, leaning forward a little.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crouch:m1:1
# text = To crouch means to bend your knees and lower your body close to the ground, leaning forward a little.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	crouch	crouch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	bend	bend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	knees	knee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
12	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	leaning	lean	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
18	forward	forward	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crouch** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **bend** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | your knees and your lower body |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent knee=Material |
| 4 | **lean** | gerund |  | a little |  |  |  | forward *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location little=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A crouch is that low, bent position.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crouch:m2:1
# text = A crouch is that low, bent position.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crouch	crouch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	bent	bent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a crouch | low bent position |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat crouched low, ready to pounce.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crouch:x1:1
# text = The cat crouched low, ready to pounce.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	crouched	crouch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	low	low	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	pounce	pounce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crouch** | participle |  | the cat *not said here* |  |  |  | low *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pounce** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Crouch down under your desk during the earthquake drill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crouch:x2:1
# text = Crouch down under your desk during the earthquake drill.
1	Crouch	crouch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	during	during	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	drill	drill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crouch down** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | your desk | during the earthquake drill |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under desk=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We crouched behind the bush during hide-and-seek.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crouch:x3:1
# text = We crouched behind the bush during hide-and-seek.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	crouched	crouch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	during	during	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	hide	hide	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	seek	seek	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crouch** | past | We |  |  | the bush | during hide and seek |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme behind bush=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sprinters crouch at the starting line.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crouch:x4:1
# text = Sprinters crouch at the starting line.
1	Sprinters	sprinter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	crouch	crouch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	starting	starting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crouch** | present | Sprinters |  |  | the starting line |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at line=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stay low and crouch if there is smoke.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crouch:x5:1
# text = Stay low and crouch if there is smoke.
1	Stay	stay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	crouch	crouch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	7	expl	_	_
7	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | low *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **crouch** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **be** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | smoke |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I crouched to tie my shoelace.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crouch:x6:1
# text = I crouched to tie my shoelace.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	crouched	crouch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	tie	tie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	shoelace	shoelace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crouch** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tie** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | my shoelace |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoelace=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The young man crouched low to the ground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crouch:x7:1
# text = The young man crouched low to the ground.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	crouched	crouch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	low	low	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crouch** | participle |  | the young man *not said here* |  |  |  | to the ground; low *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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