---
title: crush — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «crush» in the school dictionary: To crush means to press something so hard that it breaks, bends or loses its shape. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# crush

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** it, someone, crush, you, door, furniture · **What happens:** crush, mean, press, break, bend, lose · **To what, where:** something, shape, someone, crowd, people, biscuits · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«crush» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [crush in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/crush.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To crush means to press something so hard that it breaks, bends or loses its shape.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:m1:1
# text = To crush means to press something so hard that it breaks, bends or loses its shape.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	crush	crush	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	press	press	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	breaks	break	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	bends	bend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	loses	lose	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crush** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **press** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 4 | **break** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **bend** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **lose** | present |  | its shape |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To crush also means to defeat completely or to make someone feel very sad.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:m2:1
# text = To crush also means to defeat completely or to make someone feel very sad.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	crush	crush	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	csubj	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	defeat	defeat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
11	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obj	_	_
12	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	very	very	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crush** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **defeat** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | completely *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **feel** | infinitive | someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A crush is a strong, often secret liking for someone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:m3:1
# text = A crush is a strong, often secret liking for someone.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crush	crush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	often	often	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	secret	secret	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
9	liking	like	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a crush |  |  |  |  | strong *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | a crush *not said here* |  |  |  |  | often *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **like** | gerund | a crush *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for someone | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for someone=Attribute |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A crush is also a crowd of people pressed together tightly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:m4:1
# text = A crush is also a crowd of people pressed together tightly.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crush	crush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	pressed	press	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	together	together	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	tightly	tightly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a crush | a crowd |  |  |  | of people | tree rules |
| 2 | **press** | participle |  | people *not said here* |  |  |  | tightly, together *property* | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Crush the biscuits to make the cheesecake base.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:x1:1
# text = Crush the biscuits to make the cheesecake base.
1	Crush	crush	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	biscuits	biscuit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	cheesecake	cheesecake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	base	base	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crush** | imperative | you *not said here* | the biscuits |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent biscuit=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the cheesecake base |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset base=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The can was crushed flat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:x2:1
# text = The can was crushed flat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	flat	flat	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crush** | can · passive |  |  |  |  |  | flat *property* | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle» |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mind your fingers or the door will crush them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:x3:1
# text = Mind your fingers or the door will crush them.
1	Mind	mind	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	crush	crush	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mind** | imperative | you *not said here* | your fingers |  |  |  |  | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Theme |
| 2 | **crush** | future | the door | fingers *= finger* |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heavy furniture should be fixed to the wall so it can't fall and crush anyone.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:x4:1
# text = Heavy furniture should be fixed to the wall so it can't fall and crush anyone.
1	Heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	furniture	furniture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	crush	crush	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
16	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fix** | should · passive |  | Heavy furniture |  |  |  | to the wall | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Patient to wall=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **not** **fall** | can | furniture |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **crush** | infinitive | furniture *not said here* | anyone |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anyone=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She has a crush on a boy in her class.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:x5:1
# text = She has a crush on a boy in her class.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	crush	crush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | She | a crush |  |  |  | on a boy in her class | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crush=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our team was crushed 5–0.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:x6:1
# text = Our team was crushed 5–0.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	–	–	SYM	SYM	ExtPos=ADP	7	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	0	0	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crush** | past · passive |  | Our team |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He felt crushed when he wasn't picked.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:x7:1
# text = He felt crushed when he wasn't picked.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	picked	pick	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **crush** | participle | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **pick** | past · passive |  | he |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a crush of people at the gate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:x8:1
# text = There was a crush of people at the gate.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	crush	crush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a crush of people at the gate |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They will crush us to death.’

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:crush:x9:1
# text = They will crush us to death.’
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	crush	crush	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crush** | future | They | us |  |  |  | to death *result* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent we=Patient to death=Result |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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