---
title: cub — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cub» in the school dictionary: A cub is a baby animal, such as a young bear, lion, tiger, fox or wolf. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cub

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cub, bear, 4 lions, many cubs, mother lion, brother · **What happens:** be, mean, say, have, eat, play · **To what, where:** baby animal, young member, young inexperienced person, 3 cubs, zoo, 2 kg · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cub» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cub in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cub.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cub is a baby animal, such as a young bear, lion, tiger, fox or wolf.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:m1:1
# text = A cub is a baby animal, such as a young bear, lion, tiger, fox or wolf.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cub	cub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	tiger	tiger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cub | a baby animal and fox or wolf |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Cub or Cub Scout is a young member of the Scouts.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:m2:1
# text = A Cub or Cub Scout is a young member of the Scouts.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Cub	cub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	Cub	Cub	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Scout	Scout	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	member	member	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Scouts	Scout	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a Cub or Cub Scout | a young member |  |  |  | of the Scouts | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cub can also mean a young, inexperienced person, sometimes said teasingly or rudely.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:m3:1
# text = Cub can also mean a young, inexperienced person, sometimes said teasingly or rudely.
1	Cub	cub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	inexperienced	inexperienced	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	12	advmod	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	teasingly	teasingly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	rudely	rudely	ADV	RB	_	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Cub | a young inexperienced person |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | participle |  | a young inexperienced person *not said here* |  |  |  | sometimes, teasingly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bear has 3 cubs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:x1:1
# text = The bear has 3 cubs.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	cubs	cub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the bear | 3 cubs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cub=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 4 lions and 9 cubs at the zoo.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:x2:1
# text = There are 4 lions and 9 cubs at the zoo.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	lions	lion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	cubs	cub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	zoo	zoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 4 lions and 9 cubs |  |  | the zoo; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at zoo=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each cub eats 2 kg of meat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:x3:1
# text = Each cub eats 2 kg of meat.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	cub	cub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	kg	kg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | each cub | 2 kg of meat |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kg=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many cubs are there in 5 dens with 2 cubs each?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:x4:1
# text = How many cubs are there in 5 dens with 2 cubs each?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cubs	cub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	dens	den	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	cubs	cub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	_
12	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | many cubs |  |  | 5 dens with 2 cubs  each |  | there *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fox cubs played outside their den.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:x5:1
# text = The fox cubs played outside their den.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	cubs	cub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	den	den	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | participle |  | the fox cubs *not said here* |  |  |  | outside cubs's den | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mother lion carries her cub.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:x6:1
# text = The mother lion carries her cub.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	carries	carry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	cub	cub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | present | the mother lion | lion's cub |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cub=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My brother joined the Cubs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:x7:1
# text = My brother joined the Cubs.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	joined	join	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Cubs	cub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **join** | past | My brother | the Cubs |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cub=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bear cubs are born in winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:x8:1
# text = Bear cubs are born in winter.
1	Bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	cubs	cub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bear** | present · passive |  | Bear cubs |  |  | winter |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Man!” he snapped. “A man’s cub.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* “Man!” he snapped.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:x9:1
# text = “Man!” he snapped.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	snapped	snap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **snap** | past | Man |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* “A man’s cub.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cub:x9:2
# text = “A man’s cub.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	’s	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	cub	cub	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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