---
title: curliness — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «curliness» in the school dictionary: The quality of being curly, having curls or twists: «the curliness of her hair». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# curliness

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** quality, something, curliness, Damp air, us, Hair curliness · **What happens:** be, have, bend, curl, grow, mean · **To what, where:** curls, rainy weather, fur, curliness, us, families · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«curliness» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [curliness in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/curliness.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The quality of being curly, having curls or twists: «the curliness of her hair».

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:curliness:m1:1
# text = The quality of being curly, having curls or twists: «the curliness of her hair».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	quality	quality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	cop	_	_
5	curly	curly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
8	curls	curl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	twists	twist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	curliness	curliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund | the quality |  |  |  |  | curly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | gerund | the quality *not said here* | curls or twists |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent curl=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How much something bends or curls, such as a pig's tail, a fern or ribbon.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:curliness:m2:1
# text = How much something bends or curls, such as a pig's tail, a fern or ribbon.
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	nsubj	_	_
4	bends	bend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	curls	curl	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	fixed	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	pig	pig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	fern	fern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	ribbon	ribbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bend** | present | something |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **curl** | present | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The curliness of her hair grew in the rainy weather.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:curliness:x1:1
# text = The curliness of her hair grew in the rainy weather.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	curliness	curliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	rainy	rainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | the curliness of curliness's hair |  |  | the rainy weather |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in weather=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My dog's curliness means he doesn't shed much fur.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:curliness:x2:1
# text = My dog's curliness means he doesn't shed much fur.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	curliness	curliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	shed	shed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
10	much	much	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | My dog's curliness |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **shed** | present · do-support | curliness | fur |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location fur=Source |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Damp air increases the curliness of my hair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:curliness:x3:1
# text = Damp air increases the curliness of my hair.
1	Damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	increases	increase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	curliness	curliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | present | Damp air | the curliness of my hair |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer curliness=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The curliness of the pig's tail made us laugh.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:curliness:x4:1
# text = The curliness of the pig's tail made us laugh.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	curliness	curliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pig	pig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	laugh	laugh	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the curliness of the pig's tail | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **laugh** | infinitive | us *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hair curliness can run in families.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:curliness:x5:1
# text = Hair curliness can run in families.
1	Hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	curliness	curliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | can | Hair curliness |  |  | families |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in family=Trajectory |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ribbon kept its curliness after we pulled it with the scissors.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:curliness:x6:1
# text = The ribbon kept its curliness after we pulled it with the scissors.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ribbon	ribbon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	curliness	curliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	scissors	scissors	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | the ribbon | ribbon's curliness |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent curliness=Theme |
| 2 | **pull** | past | we | curliness |  |  |  | with the scissors | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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