---
title: currency — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «currency» in the school dictionary: A currency is the kind of money used in a country, such as the dollar, the pound or the euro. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# currency

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** currency, idea, many people, UK, Ireland, Australia · **What happens:** be, use, have, accept, change, obtain · **To what, where:** kind, money, country, general, currency, US dollar · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«currency» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [currency in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/currency.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A currency is the kind of money used in a country, such as the dollar, the pound or the euro.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:currency:m1:1
# text = A currency is the kind of money used in a country, such as the dollar, the pound or the euro.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	currency	currency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	16	case	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	dollar	dollar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	pound	pound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	euro	euro	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a currency | the kind |  |  |  | of money; the pound or the euro *nmod* | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | money *not said here* |  | a country and the dollar |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Currency is money in general, as coins and notes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:currency:m2:1
# text = Currency is money in general, as coins and notes.
1	Currency	currency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Currency | money and coins and notes |  | general |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If an idea has currency, many people accept or use it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:currency:m3:1
# text = If an idea has currency, many people accept or use it.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
5	currency	currency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	accept	accept	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a idea | currency |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent currency=Patient |
| 2 | **accept** | present | many people |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **use** | present | many people *not said here* | currency |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The currency of the USA is the US dollar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:currency:x1:1
# text = The currency of the USA is the US dollar.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	currency	currency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	USA	USA	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	dollar	dollar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the currency of the USA | the US dollar |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The UK uses the pound as its currency.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:currency:x2:1
# text = The UK uses the pound as its currency.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pound	pound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	currency	currency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | the UK | the pound |  |  |  | as UK's currency | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent pound=Duration as currency=Attribute |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ireland uses the euro.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:currency:x3:1
# text = Ireland uses the euro.
1	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	euro	euro	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | Ireland | the euro |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent euro=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Australia, Canada and New Zealand each have their own dollar currency.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:currency:x4:1
# text = Australia, Canada and New Zealand each have their own dollar currency.
1	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
6	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
7	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	advmod	_	_
8	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
10	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	dollar	dollar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	currency	currency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Australia and Canada and New Zealand | Australia's own dollar currency |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent currency=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We changed our money into the local currency at the airport.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:currency:x5:1
# text = We changed our money into the local currency at the airport.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	local	local	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	currency	currency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	airport	airport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | We | our money |  |  |  | into the local currency *result*; at the airport | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent money=Patient into currency=Result |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the game, gold coins are the currency.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:currency:x6:1
# text = In the game, gold coins are the currency.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	currency	currency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | gold coins | the currency |  | the game |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bitcoin is a kind of digital currency.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:currency:x7:1
# text = Bitcoin is a kind of digital currency.
1	Bitcoin	Bitcoin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	digital	digital	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	currency	currency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Bitcoin | a kind |  |  |  | of digital currency | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With the present instalment the tale of English Fairy Stories that are likely to obtain currency among the young folk is complete.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:currency:x8:1
# text = With the present instalment the tale of English Fairy Stories that are likely to obtain currency among the young folk is complete.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	instalment	instalment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	English	English	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
9	Fairy	Fairy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	Stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	likely	likely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	obtain	obtain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	currency	currency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
17	among	among	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	folk	folk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | English Fairy Stories |  |  |  |  | likely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **obtain** | to-infinitive | English Fairy Stories *not said here* | currency |  |  |  | among the young folk | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset currency=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | the tale of English Fairy Stories |  |  |  |  | with the present instalment; complete *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **tell** |  | English Fairy Stories |  |  |  |  |  | nom tale «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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