---
title: cutting — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cutting» in the school dictionary: As part of the verb, cutting means using a knife, scissors or other sharp tool to divide or open something now. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cutting

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cutting, piece, words, wind, I, you · **What happens:** mean, use, divide, open, be, cut · **To what, where:** knife, something, small piece, plant, new plant, piece · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cutting» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cutting in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cutting.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As part of the verb, cutting means using a knife, scissors or other sharp tool to divide or open something now.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:m1:1
# text = As part of the verb, cutting means using a knife, scissors or other sharp tool to divide or open something now.
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	cutting	cutting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	using	use	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	xcomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	knife	knife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	scissors	scissors	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
16	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	tool	tool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	divide	divide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	advcl	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	open	open	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	conj	_	_
22	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	21	obj	_	_
23	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | cutting |  |  |  |  | as part of the verb | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **use** *not said to happen* | gerund | cutting *not said here* | a knife and scissors or other sharp tool |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knife=Patient |
| 3 | **divide** | to-infinitive | cutting *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **open** | infinitive | cutting *not said here* | something |  |  | now |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location something=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cutting is a small piece cut from a plant so that it grows into a new plant.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:m2:1
# text = A cutting is a small piece cut from a plant so that it grows into a new plant.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cutting	cutting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	14	mark	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	fixed	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cutting | a small piece |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cut** | participle |  | a small piece *not said here* |  | a plant |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from plant=Location |
| 3 | **grow** | present | cutting |  |  |  |  | into a new plant *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into plant=Result |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cutting (UK) is a piece cut out of a newspaper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:m3:1
# text = A cutting (UK) is a piece cut out of a newspaper.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cutting	cutting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cutting | a piece |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cut out** | participle | a piece *not said here* | a newspaper |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector newspaper=Eventuality |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cutting (adjective) describes words that are unkind and hurt: «a cutting remark», or wind that is very cold.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:m4:1
# text = Cutting (adjective) describes words that are unkind and hurt: «a cutting remark», or wind that is very cold.
1	Cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
5	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	amod	_	_
16	remark	remark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
23	very	very	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | gerund |  | adjective |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset adjective=Product |
| 2 | **describe** | present | Cutting | words |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent word=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | words |  |  |  |  | unkind *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **hurt** | past | words *not said here* | a cutting remark |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **cut** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **is** | present | wind |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I am cutting out shapes for the poster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:x1:1
# text = I am cutting out shapes for the poster.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	shapes	shape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	poster	poster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut out** | present · progressive | I | shapes |  |  |  | for the poster | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector shape=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Use a board when cutting vegetables.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:x2:1
# text = Use a board when cutting vegetables.
1	Use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
5	cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
6	vegetables	vegetable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | imperative | you *not said here* | a board |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent board=Patient |
| 2 | **cut** | gerund | you *not said here* | vegetables |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset vegetable=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Always cut away from your hand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:x3:1
# text = Always cut away from your hand.
1	Always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	_
2	cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut away** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | your hand |  | always, away *property* | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from hand=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We grew a new plant from a cutting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:x4:1
# text = We grew a new plant from a cutting.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	cutting	cutting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | We | a new plant |  | a cutting |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent plant=Product from cutting=Material |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandma keeps newspaper cuttings in a box.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:x5:1
# text = Grandma keeps newspaper cuttings in a box.
1	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	newspaper	newspaper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	cuttings	cutting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | Grandma | newspaper cuttings |  | a box |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent cutting=Theme in box=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cutting wind blew off the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:x6:1
# text = A cutting wind blew off the sea.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cutting	cutting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow off** | past | a cutting wind | the sea |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent sea=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stop cutting in the queue!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:x7:1
# text = Stop cutting in the queue!
1	Stop	stop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	xcomp	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	queue	queue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **cut** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  | the queue |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That was a cutting thing to say.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:x8:1
# text = That was a cutting thing to say.
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	cutting	cutting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | That | a cutting thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Barbecue, Flint—what house?” came the cutting retort.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cutting:x9:1
# text = “Barbecue, Flint—what house?” came the cutting retort.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Barbecue	barbecue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Flint	flint	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	what	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	7	det	_	_
7	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
10	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	cutting	cutting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	retort	retort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flint** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | what house |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | past |  | the cutting retort |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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