---
title: cyclone — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «cyclone» in the school dictionary: A cyclone is a very strong storm with winds spinning around a calm centre. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# cyclone

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cyclone, winds, big tropical storms, eye, We, Cyclone season · **What happens:** be, spin, call, turn, hit, bring · **To what, where:** strong storm, calm centre, hurricanes, big tropical storms, Indian Ocean, area · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«cyclone» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [cyclone in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/cyclone.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cyclone is a very strong storm with winds spinning around a calm centre.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cyclone:m1:1
# text = A cyclone is a very strong storm with winds spinning around a calm centre.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	spinning	spin	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
11	around	around	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cyclone | a strong storm |  |  |  | with winds | tree rules |
| 2 | **spin** | gerund | winds *not said here* |  |  | a calm centre |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme around centre=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the Indian Ocean and around Australia, the big tropical storms called hurricanes elsewhere are called cyclones.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cyclone:m2:1
# text = In the Indian Ocean and around Australia, the big tropical storms called hurricanes elsewhere are called cyclones.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	Ocean	Ocean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	around	around	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	tropical	tropical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	storms	storm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl	_	_
14	hurricanes	hurricane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	xcomp	_	_
15	elsewhere	elsewhere	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
18	cyclones	cyclone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle | the big tropical storms *not said here* | hurricanes |  |  |  | elsewhere *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **call** | present · passive |  | the big tropical storms |  | the Indian Ocean and Australia |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In weather science, a cyclone is any area of low air pressure with winds turning around it.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cyclone:m3:1
# text = In weather science, a cyclone is any area of low air pressure with winds turning around it.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	pressure	pressure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
17	around	around	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a cyclone | any area |  | weather science |  | of low air pressure with winds | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn** | gerund | winds *not said here* |  |  | cyclone |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme around it=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cyclone hit the coast of Queensland.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cyclone:x1:1
# text = A cyclone hit the coast of Queensland.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hit	hit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Queensland	Queensland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hit** | past | a cyclone | the coast of Queensland |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme coast=Co-Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cyclone brought strong winds and heavy rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cyclone:x2:1
# text = The cyclone brought strong winds and heavy rain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | the cyclone | strong winds and heavy rain |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent wind=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Schools closed because of the cyclone warning.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cyclone:x3:1
# text = Schools closed because of the cyclone warning.
1	Schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
3	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	7	case	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	fixed	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **close** | participle · passive |  | Schools |  |  |  | because the cyclone warning | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The eye of a cyclone is calm and clear.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cyclone:x4:1
# text = The eye of a cyclone is calm and clear.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the eye of a cyclone |  |  |  |  | calm *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the eye of a cyclone *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We stayed inside until the cyclone passed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cyclone:x5:1
# text = We stayed inside until the cyclone passed.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | We |  |  |  |  | inside *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **pass** | past | the cyclone |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cyclone knocked down trees and power lines.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cyclone:x6:1
# text = The cyclone knocked down trees and power lines.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	knocked	knock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knock down** | past | the cyclone | trees and power lines |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent tree=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cyclone season in northern Australia is in the hot months.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cyclone:x7:1
# text = Cyclone season in northern Australia is in the hot months.
1	Cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Cyclone season in northern Australia |  |  |  | in the hot months |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scientists gave the cyclone a name.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cyclone:x8:1
# text = Scientists gave the cyclone a name.
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Scientists | the cyclone |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent cyclone=Recipient name=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You also came through the air, being carried by a cyclone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:cyclone:x9:1
# text = You also came through the air, being carried by a cyclone.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	also	also	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	cyclone	cyclone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | You |  |  | the air |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme through air=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **carry** | gerund · passive | a cyclone |  |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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