---
title: deaf — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «deaf» in the school dictionary: Deaf means not able to hear, or not able to hear well. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# deaf

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Deaf, He, our, aunt, deaf children, loud music · **What happens:** mean, hear, listen, be, request, use · **To what, where:** it, sign language, hearing aids, you, lips, one ear · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«deaf» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [deaf in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/deaf.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deaf means not able to hear, or not able to hear well.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deaf:m1:1
# text = Deaf means not able to hear, or not able to hear well.
1	Deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Deaf |  |  |  |  | able *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hear** | to-infinitive | Deaf *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **hear** | to-infinitive | Deaf *not said here* |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deaf to something means not willing to listen to it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deaf:m2:1
# text = Deaf to something means not willing to listen to it.
1	Deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	nsubj	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obl	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	willing	willing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	listen	listen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Deaf |  |  |  |  | willing *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **listen** | to-infinitive | Deaf *not said here* |  | it |  |  |  | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was deaf to our requests.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deaf:m2e:1
# text = He was deaf to our requests.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	requests	request	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  |  |  | to our requests; deaf *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **request** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom request «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My aunt is deaf and uses sign language.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deaf:x1:1
# text = My aunt is deaf and uses sign language.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | My aunt |  |  |  |  | deaf *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | present | My aunt *not said here* | sign language |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some deaf children wear hearing aids.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deaf:x2:1
# text = Some deaf children wear hearing aids.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	3	det	_	_
2	deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	wear	wear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	hearing	hearing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	aids	aid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present | some deaf children | hearing aids |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent aid=Source |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very loud music can make you go deaf.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deaf:x3:1
# text = Very loud music can make you go deaf.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | can | loud music | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | deaf *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Face a deaf person when you talk so they can read your lips.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deaf:x4:1
# text = Face a deaf person when you talk so they can read your lips.
1	Face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	talk	talk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	obl	_	_
12	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	lips	lip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **talk** | present | Face |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **read** | can | they | your lips |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lip=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa is a bit deaf in one ear.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deaf:x5:1
# text = Grandpa is a bit deaf in one ear.
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
5	deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Grandpa |  |  | one ear |  | a bit *obl:unmarked*; deaf *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our advice fell on deaf ears.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deaf:x6:1
# text = Our advice fell on deaf ears.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | Our advice |  |  | deaf ears |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on ear=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Beethoven wrote music even after he became deaf.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deaf:x7:1
# text = Beethoven wrote music even after he became deaf.
1	Beethoven	beethoven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	even	even	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | Beethoven | music |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent music=Theme |
| 2 | **become** | past | Beethoven |  |  |  |  | deaf *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
So I turned a deaf ear to all he said.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deaf:x8:1
# text = So I turned a deaf ear to all he said.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	deaf	deaf	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	obl	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | past | I | a deaf ear |  | all |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent ear=Theme to all=Trajectory |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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