---
title: debug — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «debug» in the school dictionary: To find and fix the mistakes (bugs) in a computer program. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# debug

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, robot, we, Debugging, It, teacher · **What happens:** find, fix, remove, keep, turn, have · **To what, where:** mistakes, computer program, problems, plan, insects, place · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«debug» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [debug in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/debug.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: computers — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To find and fix the mistakes (bugs) in a computer program.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:debug:m1:1
# text = To find and fix the mistakes (bugs) in a computer program.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	fix	fix	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mistakes	mistake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	bugs	bug	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	computer	computer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	program	program	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fix** | imperative | you *not said here* | the mistakes and bugs |  | a computer program |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent mistake=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To find and fix problems in any plan or machine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:debug:m2:1
# text = To find and fix problems in any plan or machine.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	find	find	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	fix	fix	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	problems	problem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
8	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fix** | infinitive |  | problems |  | any plan or machine |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent problem=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: rare — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To remove insects or hidden listening devices from a place.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:debug:m3:1
# text = To remove insects or hidden listening devices from a place.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	remove	remove	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	hidden	hidden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	listening	listening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	devices	device	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remove** | to-infinitive |  | insects or hidden listening devices |  | a place |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent insect=Theme from place=Source |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our robot kept turning left, so we had to debug the program.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:debug:x1:1
# text = Our robot kept turning left, so we had to debug the program.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	robot	robot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	left	left	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	debug	debug	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	program	program	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | Our robot |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn** | gerund | Our robot *not said here* |  |  |  |  | left *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | past | we |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **debug** | to-infinitive | we *not said here* | the program |  |  |  |  | vn debone-10.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent program=Source |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Debugging means finding the mistake and fixing it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:debug:x2:1
# text = Debugging means finding the mistake and fixing it.
1	Debugging	debugging	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	finding	find	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	fixing	fix	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	conj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Debugging |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **find** *not said to happen* | gerund | Debugging *not said here* | the mistake |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mistake=Topic |
| 3 | **fix** | gerund | Debugging *not said here* | mistake |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It took me ten minutes to debug my Scratch game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:debug:x3:1
# text = It took me ten minutes to debug my Scratch game.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	minutes	minute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	debug	debug	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	Scratch	scratch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | It |  | me |  | minute |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument i=Destination |
| 2 | **debug** | to-infinitive |  | my Scratch game |  |  |  |  | vn debone-10.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Source |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher showed us how to debug by testing one step at a time.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:debug:x4:1
# text = The teacher showed us how to debug by testing one step at a time.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	debug	debug	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
8	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	testing	test	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	advcl	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the teacher |  | us |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **debug** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn debone-10.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **test** | gerund |  | one step |  |  | time |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent step=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Good programmers spend lots of time debugging.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:debug:x5:1
# text = Good programmers spend lots of time debugging.
1	Good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	programmers	programmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spend	spend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	lots	lot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	debugging	debug	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | present | Good programmers | lots of time |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Asset |
| 2 | **debug** | gerund | Good programmers *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn debone-10.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We debugged our plan for the school fair after the first test run.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:debug:x6:1
# text = We debugged our plan for the school fair after the first test run.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	debugged	debug	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	plan	plan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
11	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	amod	_	_
12	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	run	run	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **debug** | past | We | our plan |  |  | after the first test run | for the school | vn debone-10.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plan=Source |
| 2 | **plan** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spy movie showed agents debugging a hotel room.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:debug:x7:1
# text = The spy movie showed agents debugging a hotel room.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	spy	spy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	movie	movie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	agents	agent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	debugging	debug	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	hotel	hotel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the spy movie | agents |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent agent=Recipient |
| 2 | **debug** | gerund | agents *not said here* | a hotel room |  |  |  |  | vn debone-10.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent room=Source |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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