---
title: deciduous — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «deciduous» in the school dictionary: Deciduous trees and bushes lose all their leaves every autumn (fall) and grow new ones in spring. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# deciduous

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Deciduous trees, Deciduous teeth, baby teeth, Oak trees, trees, Pine trees · **What happens:** lose, grow, be, fall out, make, look · **To what, where:** leaves, new ones, baby teeth, room, fall, six

<!-- .vabout -->
«deciduous» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [deciduous in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/deciduous.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deciduous trees and bushes lose all their leaves every autumn (fall) and grow new ones in spring.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deciduous:m1:1
# text = Deciduous trees and bushes lose all their leaves every autumn (fall) and grow new ones in spring.
1	Deciduous	deciduous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	bushes	bush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	lose	lose	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
16	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | present | Deciduous trees and bushes | trees's leaves |  |  | autumn |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Eventuality |
| 2 | **grow** | present | Deciduous trees and bushes *not said here* | new ones |  |  | spring |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location one=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deciduous teeth are baby teeth, which fall out to make room for adult teeth.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deciduous:m2:1
# text = Deciduous teeth are baby teeth, which fall out to make room for adult teeth.
1	Deciduous	deciduous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	out	out	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
12	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	adult	adult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Deciduous teeth | baby teeth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fall out** | present | baby teeth |  |  |  |  | out *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | baby teeth *not said here* | room |  |  |  | for adult teeth | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent room=Product for tooth=Asset |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oak trees are deciduous, so they lose their leaves in autumn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deciduous:x1:1
# text = Oak trees are deciduous, so they lose their leaves in autumn.
1	Oak	oak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	deciduous	deciduous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	lose	lose	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Oak trees |  |  |  |  | deciduous *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lose** | present | trees *= tree* | trees's leaves |  |  | autumn |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In winter the deciduous trees in the park look bare.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deciduous:x2:1
# text = In winter the deciduous trees in the park look bare.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	deciduous	deciduous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	bare	bare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | infinitive | the deciduous trees in the park |  |  |  | winter | bare *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pine trees are evergreen, not deciduous.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deciduous:x3:1
# text = Pine trees are evergreen, not deciduous.
1	Pine	pine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	evergreen	evergreen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	deciduous	deciduous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Pine trees |  |  |  |  | evergreen *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **be** |  | Pine trees *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Canada's deciduous forests turn red and gold in the fall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deciduous:x4:1
# text = Canada's deciduous forests turn red and gold in the fall.
1	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	deciduous	deciduous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | Canada's deciduous forests |  |  | the fall |  | red *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in fall=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your deciduous teeth start falling out when you are about six.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deciduous:x5:1
# text = Your deciduous teeth start falling out when you are about six.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	deciduous	deciduous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	start	start	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	falling	fall	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	about	about	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | present | Your deciduous teeth |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **fall out** | gerund | Your deciduous teeth *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | present | you | six |  |  |  | about *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sorted the leaves into deciduous and evergreen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deciduous:x6:1
# text = We sorted the leaves into deciduous and evergreen.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sorted	sort	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	deciduous	deciduous	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	evergreen	evergreen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sort** | past | We | the leaves |  |  |  | into deciduous and evergreen *goal* | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent leaf=Theme into deciduous=Goal |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many deciduous trees grow new leaves in spring.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:deciduous:x7:1
# text = Many deciduous trees grow new leaves in spring.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	deciduous	deciduous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Many deciduous trees | new leaves |  |  | spring |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location leaf=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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