---
title: decrease — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «decrease» in the school dictionary: To decrease is to become smaller or fewer in size, number or amount. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# decrease

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** decrease, you, graph, warmth, Snow Man · **What happens:** decrease, be, get, slow down, show, increase · **To what, where:** something, fall, amount, 15, temperature, number

<!-- .vabout -->
«decrease» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [decrease in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/decrease.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To decrease is to become smaller or fewer in size, number or amount.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:decrease:m1:1
# text = To decrease is to become smaller or fewer in size, number or amount.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	decrease	decrease	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	xcomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	fewer	few	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	conj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decrease** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | become, small *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To decrease something is to make it smaller or less.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:decrease:m2:1
# text = To decrease something is to make it smaller or less.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	decrease	decrease	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	xcomp	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decrease** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer something=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | make, small *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A decrease is a fall in amount or number.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:decrease:m3:1
# text = A decrease is a fall in amount or number.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	decrease	decrease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a decrease | a fall |  | amount or number |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Decrease 20 by 5 and you get 15.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:decrease:x1:1
# text = Decrease 20 by 5 and you get 15.
1	Decrease	decrease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	flat	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | you | 15 |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer 15=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The temperature decreased at night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:decrease:x2:1
# text = The temperature decreased at night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	decreased	decrease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decrease** | participle |  | the temperature *not said here* |  |  | night |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The number of bees has decreased.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:decrease:x3:1
# text = The number of bees has decreased.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	bees	bee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	decreased	decrease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decrease** | present · perfect · passive |  | the number of bees |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a decrease in the price of apples.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:decrease:x4:1
# text = There was a decrease in the price of apples.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	decrease	decrease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a decrease in the price of apples |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Slow down to decrease your speed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:decrease:x5:1
# text = Slow down to decrease your speed.
1	Slow	slow	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	decrease	decrease	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slow down** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **decrease** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | your speed |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer speed=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The graph shows a steady decrease.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:decrease:x6:1
# text = The graph shows a steady decrease.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	graph	graph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	steady	steady	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	decrease	decrease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the graph | a steady decrease |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent decrease=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sales decreased by half.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:decrease:x7:1
# text = Sales decreased by half.
1	Sales	sale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	decreased	decrease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decrease** | participle |  | Sales *not said here* |  |  |  | by half | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As the warmth increased, the Snow Man decreased.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:decrease:x8:1
# text = As the warmth increased, the Snow Man decreased.
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	warmth	warmth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	increased	increase	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Snow	Snow	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Man	Man	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	decreased	decrease	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | past | the warmth |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **decrease** | past | the Snow Man |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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