---
title: dense — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dense» in the school dictionary: Thick, with things packed closely together. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dense

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** science, dense things, you, stone, Oil, crowd · **What happens:** pack, have, feel, understand, lose, drive · **To what, where:** things, lot, mass, small space, We, dense forest

<!-- .vabout -->
«dense» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dense in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dense.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thick, with things packed closely together.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dense:m1:1
# text = Thick, with things packed closely together.
1	Thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
5	packed	pack	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	closely	closely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	together	together	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pack** | participle |  | things *not said here* |  |  |  | closely, together *property* | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"a dense forest", "dense fog".

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dense:m1e:1
# text = "a dense forest", "dense fog".
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	dense	dense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	dense	dense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	fog	fog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In science, having a lot of mass packed into a small space; dense things feel heavy for their size.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dense:m2:1
# text = In science, having a lot of mass packed into a small space; dense things feel heavy for their size.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lot	lot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	packed	pack	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	dense	dense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
17	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	xcomp	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund | science *not said here* | a lot of mass |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Patient |
| 2 | **pack** | participle |  | mass *not said here* |  | a small space |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into space=Destination |
| 3 | **feel** | present | dense things |  |  |  |  | in science; heavy *property* | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Theme in science=Attribute |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Informal and unkind: slow to understand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dense:m3:1
# text = Informal and unkind: slow to understand.
1	Informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	slow	slow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	conj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	understand	understand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We got lost in the dense forest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dense:x1:1
# text = We got lost in the dense forest.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	dense	dense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past · passive |  | We |  | the dense forest |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drive slowly in dense fog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dense:x2:1
# text = Drive slowly in dense fog.
1	Drive	drive	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	dense	dense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	fog	fog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | dense fog |  | slowly *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A stone sinks because it is denser than water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dense:x3:1
# text = A stone sinks because it is denser than water.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sinks	sink	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	denser	dense	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	advcl	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sink** | present | a stone |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | stone |  |  |  |  | than water; dense *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oil floats on water because it is less dense.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dense:x4:1
# text = Oil floats on water because it is less dense.
1	Oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	floats	float	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	advmod	_	_
9	dense	dense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **float** | present | Oil |  |  | water |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on water=Trajectory |
| 2 | **is** | present | Oil |  |  |  |  | dense, less *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The crowd was so dense we couldn't move.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dense:x5:1
# text = The crowd was so dense we couldn't move.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	dense	dense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the crowd |  |  |  |  | dense *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **move** | could | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cities are densely populated.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dense:x6:1
# text = Cities are densely populated.
1	Cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	densely	densely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	populated	populate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **populate** | present · passive |  | Cities |  |  |  | densely *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Well, they walked and walked till they reached a dark, dense forest.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dense:x7:1
# text = Well, they walked and walked till they reached a dark, dense forest.
1	Well	well	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	dense	dense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **walk** | past | they *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **reach** | past | they | a dark dense forest |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent forest=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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