---
title: depressed — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «depressed» in the school dictionary: Very sad and without hope, often for a long time. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# depressed

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** illness depression, She, dog, you, Depression, Rain · **What happens:** have, need, push down, feel, die, tell · **To what, where:** illness depression, help, doctor, depressed button, someone, illness · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«depressed» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [depressed in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/depressed.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very sad and without hope, often for a long time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:depressed:m1:1
# text = Very sad and without hope, often for a long time.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	without	without	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	often	often	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: health — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Having the illness depression, which needs help from a doctor or counsellor.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:depressed:m2:1
# text = Having the illness depression, which needs help from a doctor or counsellor.
1	Having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	depression	depression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	counsellor	counsellor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund |  | the illness depression |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent depression=Patient |
| 2 | **need** | present | the illness depression | help |  | a doctor or counsellor |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot help=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: of a place or economy — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Poor, with few jobs or little business.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:depressed:m3:1
# text = Poor, with few jobs or little business.
1	Poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	jobs	job	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pushed down (a depressed button).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:depressed:m4:1
# text = Pushed down (a depressed button).
1	Pushed	push	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	depressed	depressed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	button	button	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push down** | participle |  | a depressed button |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lower than the area around it (a depressed area of ground).

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:depressed:m5:1
# text = Lower than the area around it (a depressed area of ground).
1	Lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
2	than	than	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	around	around	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nmod	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	depressed	depressed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She felt depressed after her dog died.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:depressed:x1:1
# text = She felt depressed after her dog died.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	depressed	depressed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | She |  |  |  |  | depressed *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **die** | past | her dog |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If you feel depressed for a long time, tell someone you trust.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:depressed:x2:1
# text = If you feel depressed for a long time, tell someone you trust.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	feel	feel	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
4	depressed	depressed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
10	tell	tell	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	10	obj	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	trust	trust	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you |  |  |  | time | depressed *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  | someone |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient |
| 3 | **trust** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Depression is an illness that can be treated.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:depressed:x3:1
# text = Depression is an illness that can be treated.
1	Depression	depression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	treated	treat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Depression | a illness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **treat** | can · passive |  | a illness |  |  |  |  | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The town was depressed after the mine closed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:depressed:x4:1
# text = The town was depressed after the mine closed.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	depressed	depress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mine	mine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **depress** | past · passive |  | the town |  |  | after the mine |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **close** | participle |  | the mine *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Depress the button to start the machine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:depressed:x5:1
# text = Depress the button to start the machine.
1	Depress	depress	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	button	button	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	machine	machine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **depress** | imperative | you *not said here* | the button |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus button=Experiencer |
| 2 | **start** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the machine |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent machine=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rain on holiday is depressing!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:depressed:x6:1
# text = Rain on holiday is depressing!
1	Rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	depressing	depress	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **depress** | present · progressive | Rain on holiday |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But after she had been some time with Mother Holle she grew sad and depressed, and at first she hardly knew herself what was the matter.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:depressed:x7:1
# text = But after she had been some time with Mother Holle she grew sad and depressed, and at first she hardly knew herself what was the matter.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
2	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
3	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	cop	_	_
6	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Mother	Mother	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	Holle	Holle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	flat	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	xcomp	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	depressed	depressed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	22	obl	_	_
20	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	hardly	hardly	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	conj	_	_
23	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	22	obj	_	_
24	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	22	ccomp	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past · perfect | she |  |  |  | after some time | with Mother | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | past | Mother |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **know** | past | Mother | Mother |  |  |  | hardly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer herself=Stimulus |
| 4 | **is a** | past | the matter |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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