---
title: derogatory — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «derogatory» in the school dictionary: Derogatory words or comments show a low opinion of someone and are meant to insult or put them down. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# derogatory

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**Who acts:** Derogatory words, word, Derogatory comments, derogatory joke, his, her · **What happens:** show, mean, insult, put down, opine, tell off · **To what, where:** low opinion, words, someone, coach, derogatory remarks, word

<!-- .vabout -->
«derogatory» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [derogatory in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/derogatory.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Derogatory words or comments show a low opinion of someone and are meant to insult or put them down.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:derogatory:m1:1
# text = Derogatory words or comments show a low opinion of someone and are meant to insult or put them down.
1	Derogatory	Derogatory	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	comments	comment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	show	show	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	meant	mean	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	insult	insult	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	down	down	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | Derogatory words or comments | a low opinion of someone |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent opinion=Recipient |
| 2 | **mean** | present · passive | Derogatory words or comments *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: clause=Topic |
| 3 | **insult** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Derogatory words or comments *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **put down** | infinitive | Derogatory words or comments *not said here* | words *= word* |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent they=Goal |
| 5 | **opine** |  |  | someone |  |  |  |  | nom opinion «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coach was told off for making derogatory remarks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:derogatory:x1:1
# text = The coach was told off for making derogatory remarks.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	told	tell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	off	off	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
8	derogatory	derogatory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	remarks	remark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell off** *speech: assert* | past · passive |  | the coach |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **make** | gerund |  | derogatory remarks |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset remark=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That word is derogatory; please don't use it.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:derogatory:x2:1
# text = That word is derogatory; please don't use it.
1	That	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	derogatory	derogatory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	9	discourse	_	_
7	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | that word |  |  |  |  | derogatory *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **use** | infinitive · do-support |  | word |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dictionary labels some slang as derogatory.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:derogatory:x3:1
# text = The dictionary labels some slang as derogatory.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dictionary	dictionary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	labels	label	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	slang	slang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	derogatory	derogatory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Derogatory comments about someone's skin colour are racist.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:derogatory:x4:1
# text = Derogatory comments about someone's skin colour are racist.
1	Derogatory	Derogatory	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	comments	comment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
3	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	racist	racist	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Derogatory comments about someone's skin colour |  |  |  |  | racist *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She felt hurt by his derogatory joke about her accent.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:derogatory:x5:1
# text = She felt hurt by his derogatory joke about her accent.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	derogatory	derogatory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	about	about	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	accent	accent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hurt** | past · passive | his derogatory joke about her accent | She |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Patient |
| 2 | **joke** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  | about her accent | nom joke «communication intransitive»: poss=agent about=obl |
| 3 | **accent** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom accent «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Posting derogatory comments online is a form of bullying.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:derogatory:x6:1
# text = Posting derogatory comments online is a form of bullying.
1	Posting	post	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	csubj	_	_
2	derogatory	derogatory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	comments	comment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	online	online	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	bullying	bullying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **post** | gerund |  | derogatory comments |  |  |  | online *property* | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent comment=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Posting | a form |  |  |  | of bullying | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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