---
title: desk — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «desk» in the school dictionary: A desk is a table where you sit to read, write or work, often with drawers. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# desk

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** desk, you, 6 rows, class, Fitzwarren · **What happens:** be, sit, read, write, work, get · **To what, where:** table, counter, help, 28 desks, 2 pencils, books

<!-- .vabout -->
«desk» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [desk in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/desk.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A desk is a table where you sit to read, write or work, often with drawers.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:desk:m1:1
# text = A desk is a table where you sit to read, write or work, often with drawers.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	sit	sit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	read	read	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	often	often	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	drawers	drawer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a desk | a table |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **sit** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **read** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **write** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **work** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with drawers | vn cooperate-73.1-3 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.theme»: agent=Agent with drawer=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A desk is also a counter where you get help, like the front desk of a hotel.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:desk:m2:1
# text = A desk is also a counter where you get help, like the front desk of a hotel.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	counter	counter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	9	advmod	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	front	front	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	hotel	hotel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a desk | a counter |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | present | you | help |  |  |  | like the front desk of a hotel | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer help=Stimulus |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There are 6 rows of desks with 5 desks in each.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:desk:x1:1
# text = There are 6 rows of desks with 5 desks in each.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	rows	row	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	desks	desk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	desks	desk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | 6 rows of desks with 5 desks in each |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The class needs 28 desks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:desk:x2:1
# text = The class needs 28 desks.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	28	28	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	desks	desk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | the class | 28 desks |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot desk=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each desk has 2 pencils.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:desk:x3:1
# text = Each desk has 2 pencils.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	pencils	pencil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | each desk | 2 pencils |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pencil=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A desk costs $45.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:desk:x4:1
# text = A desk costs $45.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	$	$	SYM	$	_	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	45	45	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | a desk |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme $=Value |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put your books in your desk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:desk:x5:1
# text = Put your books in your desk.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | your books |  | your desk |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent book=Theme in desk=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please keep your desk tidy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:desk:x6:1
# text = Please keep your desk tidy.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	tidy	tidy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | imperative | you *not said here* | your desk |  |  |  | tidy *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent desk=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ask at the front desk of the library.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:desk:x7:1
# text = Ask at the front desk of the library.
1	Ask	ask	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	front	front	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	library	library	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the front desk of the library |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher's desk is at the front.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:desk:x8:1
# text = The teacher's desk is at the front.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the teacher's desk |  |  | the front |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One morning Mr. Fitzwarren was sitting at his desk in his office.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:desk:x9:1
# text = One morning Mr. Fitzwarren was sitting at his desk in his office.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	Mr.	Mr.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:desc	_	_
4	Fitzwarren	Fitzwarren	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	office	office	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past · progressive | Fitzwarren  Mr. |  |  | Fitzwarren's desk | morning | in Fitzwarren's office | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at desk=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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