---
title: determination — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «determination» in the school dictionary: Being firm about doing something and not giving up even when it is hard. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/determination/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [D](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/) / determination

# determination

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** winner, density, she, It, determination, His · **What happens:** be, do, not give up, find out, decide, determine · **To what, where:** something, determination, race, sheer determination, coach, grit

<!-- .vabout -->
«determination» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [determination in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/determination.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being firm about doing something and not giving up even when it is hard.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:determination:m1:1
# text = Being firm about doing something and not giving up even when it is hard.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	firm	firm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	about	about	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	doing	do	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	giving	give	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	even	even	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
11	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	expl	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | firm *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | gerund |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 3 | **not** **give up** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Finding out or deciding something exactly, often officially: «the determination of the winner».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:determination:m2:1
# text = Finding out or deciding something exactly, often officially: «the determination of the winner».
1	Finding	find	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	deciding	decide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obj	_	_
6	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	often	often	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	officially	officially	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	determination	determination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	winner	winner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find out** | gerund |  | the determination of the winner |  |  |  | officially *property* | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **decide** | gerund |  | something |  |  |  | exactly *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent something=Topic |
| 3 | **determine** *in a quote* |  | the winner |  |  |  |  |  | nom determination «act intransitive»: of=agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal, science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Measuring or calculating something exactly: «the determination of density».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:determination:m3:1
# text = Measuring or calculating something exactly: «the determination of density».
1	Measuring	measure	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	calculating	calculate	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	determination	determination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	density	density	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **measure** | gerund |  | the determination of density |  |  |  | exactly *property* | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **calculate** | gerund |  | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **determine** *in a quote* |  | density |  |  |  |  |  | nom determination «act intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With great determination, she finished the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:determination:x1:1
# text = With great determination, she finished the race.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	determination	determination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	finished	finish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | past | she | the race |  |  |  | with great determination | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality PP.subeventuality»: agent=Affector race=Eventuality with determination=Subeventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It took sheer determination to learn to swim.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:determination:x2:1
# text = It took sheer determination to learn to swim.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	sheer	sheer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	determination	determination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	swim	swim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | It | sheer determination |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent determination=Theme |
| 2 | **learn** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **swim** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His determination to win impressed the coach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:determination:x3:1
# text = His determination to win impressed the coach.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	determination	determination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	win	win	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
5	impressed	impress	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | to-infinitive | His determination *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **impress** | participle | His determination | the coach |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus coach=Experiencer |
| 3 | **determine** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom determination «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team showed grit and determination.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:determination:x4:1
# text = The team showed grit and determination.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	showed	show	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	grit	grit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	determination	determination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | past | the team | grit and determination |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent grit=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(formal) The determination of the winner will be made by the judges.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:determination:x5:1
# text = (formal) The determination of the winner will be made by the judges.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	determination	determination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	winner	winner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	judges	judge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | future · passive | the judges | the formal determination of the winner |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |
| 2 | **determine** |  | the winner |  |  |  |  |  | nom determination «act intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(science) We carried out a determination of the boiling point of water.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:determination:x6:1
# text = (science) We carried out a determination of the boiling point of water.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	determination	determination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	boiling	boiling	ADJ	JJ	_	12	amod	_	_
12	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry out** | past | science | a determination of the boiling point of water |  |  |  |  | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent determination=Eventuality |
| 2 | **determine** |  | the boiling point of water |  |  |  |  |  | nom determination «act intransitive»: of=agent |
| 3 | **point** |  |  | water |  |  |  |  | nom point «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Brother Ignatius strengthened his longings, and the determination became firm within him.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:determination:x7:1
# text = Brother Ignatius strengthened his longings, and the determination became firm within him.
1	Brother	Brother	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Ignatius	Ignatius	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	strengthened	strengthen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	longings	longing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	determination	determination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	firm	firm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
12	within	within	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strengthen** | past | Brother | Brother's longings |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent longing=Patient |
| 2 | **become** | past | the determination |  |  |  |  | within Brother; firm *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **long** |  | Brother |  |  |  |  |  | nom longing «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [determinate](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/determinate/)
- next →: [determine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/determine/)
- ↑ back to [D in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/D/)