---
title: devoid — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «devoid» in the school dictionary: Devoid of something means completely without it; having none of it at all. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# devoid

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Devoid, Moon, room, we, voice, desert · **What happens:** mean, have, use, say, lack, be · **To what, where:** none, all, place, quality, sand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«devoid» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [devoid in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/devoid.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Devoid of something means completely without it; having none of it at all.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:devoid:m1:1
# text = Devoid of something means completely without it; having none of it at all.
1	Devoid	Devoid	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	nmod	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	completely	completely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	without	without	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	parataxis	_	_
10	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	9	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nmod	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Devoid of something |  |  |  |  | without it; completely *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** | gerund |  | none |  | all |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent none=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Used to say a place, person or thing lacks a quality, such as «devoid of life» or «devoid of humour».

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:devoid:m2:1
# text = Used to say a place, person or thing lacks a quality, such as «devoid of life» or «devoid of humour».
1	Used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	lacks	lack	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	quality	quality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	17	case	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	devoid	devoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	devoid	devoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	humour	humour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  | a place and person or thing |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent place=Topic |
| 3 | **lack** | present |  | a quality |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Moon is devoid of liquid water on its surface.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:devoid:x1:1
# text = The Moon is devoid of liquid water on its surface.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Moon	Moon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	devoid	devoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	liquid	liquid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the Moon |  |  |  |  | of liquid water on Moon's surface; devoid *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The room was devoid of furniture after we moved out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:devoid:x2:1
# text = The room was devoid of furniture after we moved out.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	devoid	devoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	furniture	furniture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the room |  |  |  |  | of furniture; devoid *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **move out** | past | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His voice was devoid of any feeling.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:devoid:x3:1
# text = His voice was devoid of any feeling.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	devoid	devoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | His voice |  |  |  |  | of any feeling; devoid *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The desert seemed devoid of life, but many animals hid under the sand.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:devoid:x4:1
# text = The desert seemed devoid of life, but many animals hid under the sand.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	devoid	devoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	under	under	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seem** | past | the desert |  |  |  |  | devoid *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hide** | past | many animals |  |  | the sand |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under sand=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The story was devoid of surprises.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:devoid:x5:1
# text = The story was devoid of surprises.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	devoid	devoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	surprises	surprise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the story |  |  |  |  | of surprises; devoid *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fridge was devoid of food except for one egg.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:devoid:x6:1
# text = The fridge was devoid of food except for one egg.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fridge	fridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	devoid	devoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	except	except	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the fridge |  |  |  |  | of food; except one egg; devoid *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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