---
title: diabetes — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «diabetes» in the school dictionary: Diabetes is an illness in which the body cannot control the amount of sugar (glucose) in the blood properly, because it does not make enough insulin or cannot use it well. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# diabetes

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Diabetes, body, friend, People, You, child · **What happens:** be, not control, not make, not use, amount, have · **To what, where:** illness, amount, enough insulin, insulin, sugar, type diabetes

<!-- .vabout -->
«diabetes» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [diabetes in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/diabetes.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Diabetes is an illness in which the body cannot control the amount of sugar (glucose) in the blood properly, because it does not make enough insulin or cannot use it well.

<!-- fold The tree, 33 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diabetes:m1:1
# text = Diabetes is an illness in which the body cannot control the amount of sugar (glucose) in the blood properly, because it does not make enough insulin or cannot use it well.
1	Diabetes	diabetes	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	control	control	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	glucose	glucose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
22	properly	properly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
26	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	28	advmod	_	_
28	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
29	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	insulin	insulin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
31	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
32	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	34	advmod	_	_
34	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
35	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obj	_	_
36	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	34	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Diabetes | a illness |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **control** | can | the body | the amount of sugar |  | a illness |  | in the blood; properly *property* | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent amount=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **make** | present · do-support | body | enough insulin |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material insulin=Product |
| 4 | **not** **use** | can | the body *not said here* | insulin |  |  |  | well *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 5 | **amount** |  |  | sugar |  |  |  |  | nom amount «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My friend has type 1 diabetes and checks her blood sugar before lunch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diabetes:x1:1
# text = My friend has type 1 diabetes and checks her blood sugar before lunch.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	type	type	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
5	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	flat	_	_
6	diabetes	diabetes	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	checks	check	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	sugar	sugar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	before	before	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | My friend | type diabetes |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent diabetes=Patient |
| 2 | **check** | present | My friend *not said here* | friend's blood sugar |  |  | before lunch |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sugar=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People with diabetes may need insulin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diabetes:x2:1
# text = People with diabetes may need insulin.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	diabetes	diabetes	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	insulin	insulin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | may | People with diabetes | insulin |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot insulin=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You can't catch diabetes from someone else.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diabetes:x3:1
# text = You can't catch diabetes from someone else.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	diabetes	diabetes	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	4	obl	_	_
8	else	else	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **catch** | can | You | diabetes |  | someone |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent diabetes=Theme from someone=Source |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If a child with diabetes feels shaky, they may need a sugary snack.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diabetes:x4:1
# text = If a child with diabetes feels shaky, they may need a sugary snack.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	diabetes	diabetes	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
7	shaky	shaky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	sugary	sugary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	snack	snack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a child with diabetes |  |  |  |  | shaky *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **need** | may | they | a sugary snack |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot snack=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Eating well and exercising can lower the risk of type 2 diabetes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diabetes:x5:1
# text = Eating well and exercising can lower the risk of type 2 diabetes.
1	Eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	1	advmod	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	exercising	exercise	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	conj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	lower	lower	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	risk	risk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	type	type	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
11	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	flat	_	_
12	diabetes	diabetes	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **exercise** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lower** | can | Eating | the risk of type diabetes |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent risk=Theme |
| 4 | **risk** |  |  | type diabetes |  |  |  |  | nom risk «state transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa's diabetes is controlled with tablets and a careful diet.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diabetes:x6:1
# text = Grandpa's diabetes is controlled with tablets and a careful diet.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	diabetes	diabetes	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	controlled	control	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	tablets	tablet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	careful	careful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	diet	diet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **control** | present · passive |  | Grandpa's diabetes |  |  |  | with tablets and a careful diet | vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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