---
title: diesel — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «diesel» in the school dictionary: Diesel is a kind of heavy fuel made from oil, used in many trucks, buses, trains, tractors and some cars. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# diesel

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Diesel, engine, engineer, Dad, Tractors, Diesel fumes · **What happens:** be, make, use, name, invent, fill · **To what, where:** kind, heavy fuel, oil, many trucks, vehicle, diesel fuel

<!-- .vabout -->
«diesel» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [diesel in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/diesel.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Diesel is a kind of heavy fuel made from oil, used in many trucks, buses, trains, tractors and some cars.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diesel:m1:1
# text = Diesel is a kind of heavy fuel made from oil, used in many trucks, buses, trains, tractors and some cars.
1	Diesel	diesel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	trucks	truck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	buses	bus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	trains	train	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	tractors	tractor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	24	det	_	_
24	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Diesel | a kind |  |  |  | of heavy fuel | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | heavy fuel *not said here* |  | oil |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from oil=Material |
| 3 | **use** | participle |  | a kind *not said here* |  | many trucks and buses and trains and tractors and some cars |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A diesel is a vehicle or engine that uses diesel fuel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diesel:m2:1
# text = A diesel is a vehicle or engine that uses diesel fuel.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	diesel	diesel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	engine	engine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	diesel	diesel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a diesel | a vehicle or engine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | present | engine | diesel fuel |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fuel=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is named after Rudolf Diesel, the engineer who invented the diesel engine (a name).

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diesel:m3:1
# text = It is named after Rudolf Diesel, the engineer who invented the diesel engine (a name).
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	named	name	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Rudolf	Rudolf	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	Diesel	Diesel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	engineer	engineer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	invented	invent	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	diesel	diesel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	engine	engine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **name** | present · passive |  | It |  |  | after Rudolf |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **invent** | past | the engineer | the diesel engine |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent engine=Result |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad filled the van with diesel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diesel:x1:1
# text = Dad filled the van with diesel.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	van	van	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	diesel	diesel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | past | Dad | the van |  |  |  | with diesel | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent van=Patient with diesel=Instrument |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The diesel train rumbled into the station.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diesel:x2:1
# text = The diesel train rumbled into the station.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	diesel	diesel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	rumbled	rumble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	station	station	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rumble** | participle |  | the diesel train *not said here* |  | the station |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent into station=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tractors usually run on diesel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diesel:x3:1
# text = Tractors usually run on diesel.
1	Tractors	tractor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	run	run	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	diesel	diesel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | present | Tractors |  |  | diesel |  | usually *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on diesel=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Diesel fumes make the air dirty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diesel:x4:1
# text = Diesel fumes make the air dirty.
1	Diesel	diesel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	fumes	fume	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Diesel fumes | the air |  |  |  | dirty *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset air=Product |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our school bus is now electric, not diesel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diesel:x5:1
# text = Our school bus is now electric, not diesel.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
6	electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	diesel	diesel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Our school bus |  |  |  | now | electric *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Never put diesel in a petrol car.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:diesel:x6:1
# text = Never put diesel in a petrol car.
1	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	2	advmod	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	diesel	diesel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	petrol	petrol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | diesel |  | a petrol car |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent diesel=Theme in car=Destination |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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