---
title: digestion — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «digestion» in the school dictionary: The process in the body that breaks food down into tiny parts the body can take in and use. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# digestion

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** process, Digestion, you, Saliva, stomach, Fibre · **What happens:** break down, take in, use, do, start, chew · **To what, where:** food, tiny parts, this, mouth, digestion, acid

<!-- .vabout -->
«digestion» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [digestion in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/digestion.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The process in the body that breaks food down into tiny parts the body can take in and use.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:digestion:m1:1
# text = The process in the body that breaks food down into tiny parts the body can take in and use.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	process	process	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	breaks	break	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
8	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	down	down	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
15	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break down** | present | the process in the body | food |  | tiny parts |  | down *property* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent food=Patient body=Result |
| 2 | **take in** | can | the process in the body |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **use** | infinitive | the process in the body *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The body's ability to do this.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:digestion:m2:1
# text = The body's ability to do this.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	ability	ability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | this |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Digestion starts when you chew food in your mouth.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:digestion:x1:1
# text = Digestion starts when you chew food in your mouth.
1	Digestion	digestion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	chew	chew	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | present | Digestion |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **chew** | present | you | food |  | your mouth |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Saliva helps digestion by making food soft.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:digestion:x2:1
# text = Saliva helps digestion by making food soft.
1	Saliva	saliva	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	digestion	digestion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Saliva | digestion |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent digestion=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **make** | gerund | Saliva *not said here* | food |  |  |  | soft *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset food=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stomach uses acid for digestion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:digestion:x3:1
# text = The stomach uses acid for digestion.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stomach	stomach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	acid	acid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	digestion	digestion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | the stomach | acid |  |  |  | for digestion | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent acid=Theme for digestion=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fibre from fruit and vegetables is good for digestion.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:digestion:x4:1
# text = Fibre from fruit and vegetables is good for digestion.
1	Fibre	fibre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	vegetables	vegetable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	digestion	digestion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Fibre from fruit and vegetables |  |  |  |  | for digestion; good *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Food takes many hours to pass through the whole digestive system.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:digestion:x5:1
# text = Food takes many hours to pass through the whole digestive system.
1	Food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	through	through	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	digestive	digestive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | Food |  |  |  | hour |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | Food *not said here* |  |  | the whole digestive system |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through system=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some people have trouble with digestion of milk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:digestion:x6:1
# text = Some people have trouble with digestion of milk.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	digestion	digestion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | some people | trouble |  |  |  | with digestion of milk | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trouble=Patient |
| 2 | **digest** |  |  | milk |  |  |  |  | nom digestion «process transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cow has four parts to its stomach for the digestion of grass.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:digestion:x7:1
# text = A cow has four parts to its stomach for the digestion of grass.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	stomach	stomach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	digestion	digestion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a cow | four parts |  |  |  | to its stomach for the digestion of grass | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Patient |
| 2 | **digest** |  |  | grass |  |  |  |  | nom digestion «process transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The idea that you must wait an hour to swim after eating is a myth.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:digestion:x8:1
# text = The idea that you must wait an hour to swim after eating is a myth.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	wait	wait	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	swim	swim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
11	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | must | you | the idea *not said here* |  |  | hour |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **swim** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **eat** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | present | the idea | a myth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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