---
title: dim — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dim» in the school dictionary: Dim means not bright. A dim light gives only a little light. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dim

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Dim, dim light, this, word form, room, She · **What happens:** mean, give, dim, be, become, see · **To what, where:** little light, Dim short way, lights, less power, something, dim memory

<!-- .vabout -->
«dim» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dim in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dim.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dim means not bright. A dim light gives only a little light.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Dim means not bright.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:m1:1
# text = Dim means not bright.
1	Dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Dim |  |  |  |  | bright *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* A dim light gives only a little light.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:m1:2
# text = A dim light gives only a little light.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | a dim light | a little light |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To dim is to make or become less bright.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:m2:1
# text = To dim is to make or become less bright.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	dim	dim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	advmod	_	_
9	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dim** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | make *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **become** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | bright *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dim can mean hard to see or remember.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:m3:1
# text = Dim can mean hard to see or remember.
1	Dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Dim |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | Dim *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **remember** | infinitive | Dim *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In everyday talk, dim can mean not clever (this can be rude).

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:m4:1
# text = In everyday talk, dim can mean not clever (this can be rude).
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	everyday	everyday	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	dim	dim	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
10	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	nsubj	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
14	rude	rude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | dim |  |  |  |  | in everyday talk; clever *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in talk=Attribute |
| 2 | **is** | can | this |  |  |  |  | rude *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dim can also be a short way of writing "diminutive", a word form that means small.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:m5:1
# text = Dim can also be a short way of writing "diminutive", a word form that means small.
1	Dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	diminutive	diminutive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can |  | a Dim short way |  |  |  | of writing | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present | a word form |  |  |  |  | small *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The room was dim.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:x1:1
# text = The room was dim.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the room |  |  |  |  | dim *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She dimmed the lights for the film.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:x2:1
# text = She dimmed the lights for the film.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	dimmed	dim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dim** | past | She | the lights |  |  |  | for the film | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent light=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dim lamp uses less power.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:x3:1
# text = A dim lamp uses less power.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | a dim lamp | less power |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dim star was hard to see.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:x4:1
# text = The dim star was hard to see.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	star	star	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the dim star |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | the dim star *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The light grew dim at dusk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:x5:1
# text = The light grew dim at dusk.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dusk	dusk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | past | the light |  |  |  | dusk | dim *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wear something bright on dim evenings.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:x6:1
# text = Wear something bright on dim evenings.
1	Wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	1	obj	_	_
3	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	evenings	evening	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | imperative | you *not said here* | something |  |  | evening |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent something=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have a dim memory of my first birthday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:x7:1
# text = I have a dim memory of my first birthday.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	memory	memory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	amod	_	_
9	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | I | a dim memory of my first birthday |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent memory=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All the streets and lanes of Paris were to be seen here again, as in a dim reflection.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dim:x8:1
# text = All the streets and lanes of Paris were to be seen here again, as in a dim reflection.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	3	det:predet	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	streets	street	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	lanes	lane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Paris	Paris	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
12	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
13	again	again	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	reflection	reflection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past · passive |  | all streets of Paris and lanes |  | here | again | as a dim reflection | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus as reflection=Attribute |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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