---
title: direction — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «direction» in the school dictionary: A direction is the way something goes, faces or points, like north, left, up or forwards. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# direction

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** direction, something, Directions, instructions, film director, Two cars · **What happens:** be, go, leave, tell, get, do · **To what, where:** way, faces, instructions, you, something, people · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«direction» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [direction in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/direction.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A direction is the way something goes, faces or points, like north, left, up or forwards.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:direction:m1:1
# text = A direction is the way something goes, faces or points, like north, left, up or forwards.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nsubj	_	_
7	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	north	north	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	up	up	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	forwards	forwards	ADV	RB	_	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a direction | the way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** | present | something | faces or points |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location way=Theme |
| 3 | **leave** | participle | something *not said here* |  |  |  |  | north *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Directions are instructions that tell you how to get somewhere, or how to do something.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:direction:m2:1
# text = Directions are instructions that tell you how to get somewhere, or how to do something.
1	Directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	instructions	instruction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	tell	tell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	_
7	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
10	somewhere	somewhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
16	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Directions | instructions |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | instructions |  | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **get** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | somewhere *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Direction is also leading or guiding people, like a film director does.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:direction:m3:1
# text = Direction is also leading or guiding people, like a film director does.
1	Direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	leading	lead	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	guiding	guide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	director	director	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lead** | present · progressive | Direction |  |  |  |  |  | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 2 | **guide** | gerund | Direction *not said here* | people |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |
| 3 | **do** | present | a film director |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two cars go in opposite directions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:direction:x1:1
# text = Two cars go in opposite directions.
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	opposite	opposite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | present | Two cars |  |  | opposite directions |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in direction=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They walk in the same direction.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:direction:x2:1
# text = They walk in the same direction.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walk	walk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | present | They |  |  | the same direction |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in direction=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which direction is north?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:direction:x3:1
# text = Which direction is north?
1	Which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	north	north	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | which direction |  |  |  |  | north *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Follow the directions on the map.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:direction:x4:1
# text = Follow the directions on the map.
1	Follow	follow	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | imperative | you *not said here* | the directions |  | the map |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent direction=Theme on map=Trajectory |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you give me directions to the station?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:direction:x5:1
# text = Can you give me directions to the station?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	station	station	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | can | you | directions | me |  |  | to the station | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient direction=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Read the directions before you start the test.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:direction:x6:1
# text = Read the directions before you start the test.
1	Read	read	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	directions	direction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	start	start	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | imperative | you *not said here* | the directions |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Topic |
| 2 | **start** | present | you | the test |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent test=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wind changed direction.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:direction:x7:1
# text = The wind changed direction.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | the wind | direction |  |  |  |  | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent direction=Patient |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She has a good sense of direction and never gets lost.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:direction:x8:1
# text = She has a good sense of direction and never gets lost.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | She | a good sense of direction |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sense=Patient |
| 2 | **not** **get** | present | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **lose** | participle | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **sense** |  |  | direction |  |  |  |  | nom sense «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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