---
title: dishonest — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dishonest» in the school dictionary: Dishonest means not honest: lying, cheating, stealing or tricking people. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dishonest

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Dishonest, It, someone, dishonest shopkeeper, you, Saying · **What happens:** mean, lie, steal, trick, be, copy · **To what, where:** cheating, people, answers, wrong change, purpose, homework · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«dishonest» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dishonest in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dishonest.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dishonest means not honest: lying, cheating, stealing or tricking people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonest:m1:1
# text = Dishonest means not honest: lying, cheating, stealing or tricking people.
1	Dishonest	dishonest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	cheating	cheating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	stealing	steal	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	tricking	trick	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Dishonest |  |  |  |  | honest *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lie** | gerund | Dishonest *not said here* | cheating |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cheating=Theme |
| 3 | **steal** | gerund | Dishonest *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **trick** | gerund | Dishonest *not said here* | people |  |  |  |  | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is dishonest to copy someone's answers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonest:x1:1
# text = It is dishonest to copy someone's answers.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	copy	copy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	answers	answer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | dishonest *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **copy** | to-infinitive |  | someone's answers |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme |
| 3 | **answer** |  | someone |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dishonest shopkeeper gave the wrong change on purpose.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonest:x2:1
# text = The dishonest shopkeeper gave the wrong change on purpose.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	shopkeeper	shopkeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the dishonest shopkeeper | the wrong change |  | purpose |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.asset»: agent=Agent change=Theme on purpose=Asset |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Saying you did your homework when you didn't is dishonest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonest:x3:1
# text = Saying you did your homework when you didn't is dishonest.
1	Saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	csubj	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | past | you | your homework |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality |
| 3 | **not** **do** | past | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | Saying |  |  |  |  | dishonest *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dishonest advert may promise things that aren't true.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonest:x4:1
# text = A dishonest advert may promise things that aren't true.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	advert	advert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	promise	promise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promise** *speech: promise* | may | a dishonest advert | things |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present | things |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being dishonest makes people stop trusting you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonest:x5:1
# text = Being dishonest makes people stop trusting you.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	csubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	trusting	trust	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	xcomp	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | dishonest *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present |  | people |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **stop** | infinitive | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **trust** | gerund | people *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fox in the story was sly and dishonest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonest:x6:1
# text = The fox in the story was sly and dishonest.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	sly	sly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the fox in the story |  |  |  |  | sly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the fox in the story *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dishonest get no credit, even if they act honestly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonest:x7:1
# text = The dishonest get no credit, even if they act honestly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dishonest	dishonest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nsubj	_	_
3	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	credit	credit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	even	even	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	act	act	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
11	honestly	honestly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | the dishonest | no credit |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer credit=Stimulus |
| 2 | **act** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | they |  |  |  |  | honestly *property* | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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