---
title: dishonestly — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dishonestly» in the school dictionary: In a way that is not honest; by lying, cheating or stealing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dishonestly

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** that, He, She, Mum, Acting, man · **What happens:** not be, lie, cheat, steal, take, win · **To what, where:** way, someone, yours, game, money, vase · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«dishonestly» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dishonestly in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dishonestly.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a way that is not honest; by lying, cheating or stealing.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonestly:m1:1
# text = In a way that is not honest; by lying, cheating or stealing.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	cheating	cheat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	stealing	steal	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | that |  |  | a way |  | honest *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lie** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **cheat** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **steal** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: law — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With the intention of cheating someone or taking what is not yours.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonestly:m2:1
# text = With the intention of cheating someone or taking what is not yours.
1	With	with	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	intention	intention	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	cheating	cheat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	taking	take	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
9	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	12	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	yours	your	PRON	PRP	Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheat** | gerund |  | someone |  |  |  | with the intention | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Source |
| 2 | **take** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **is a** | present |  | yours |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He won the game dishonestly by peeking at the cards.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonestly:x1:1
# text = He won the game dishonestly by peeking at the cards.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	dishonestly	dishonestly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	peeking	peek	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | He | the game |  |  |  | dishonestly *property* | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Eventuality |
| 2 | **peek** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the cards | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at card=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The money was obtained dishonestly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonestly:x2:1
# text = The money was obtained dishonestly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	obtained	obtain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	dishonestly	dishonestly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **obtain** | past · passive |  | the money |  |  |  | dishonestly *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She answered dishonestly when Mum asked who broke the vase.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonestly:x3:1
# text = She answered dishonestly when Mum asked who broke the vase.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	dishonestly	dishonestly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	Mum	Mum	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	vase	vase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | She |  |  |  |  | dishonestly *property* | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | Mum |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **break** | past |  | the vase |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer vase=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Acting dishonestly can lose you your friends.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonestly:x4:1
# text = Acting dishonestly can lose you your friends.
1	Acting	act	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	csubj	_	_
2	dishonestly	dishonestly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lose	lose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **act** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | dishonestly *property* | vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lose** | can | Acting | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The man dishonestly claimed the lost wallet was his.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonestly:x5:1
# text = The man dishonestly claimed the lost wallet was his.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	dishonestly	dishonestly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	claimed	claim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	wallet	wallet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **claim** *speech: other* | past | the man | the lost wallet |  |  |  | dishonestly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent wallet=Topic |
| 2 | **lose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | past | the lost wallet *not said here* | his *= he* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If you score points dishonestly, they don't really count.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonestly:x6:1
# text = If you score points dishonestly, they don't really count.
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	score	score	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
4	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	dishonestly	dishonestly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
8	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	really	really	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	count	count	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **score** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you | points |  |  |  | dishonestly *property* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent point=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **count** | present · do-support | points *= point* |  |  |  |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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