---
title: dishonesty — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dishonesty» in the school dictionary: Behaviour that is not honest, such as lying, cheating or stealing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dishonesty

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**Who acts:** Behaviour, person, Copying, Dishonesty, story, She · **What happens:** not be, lie, cheat, steal, be, copy · **To what, where:** test, dishonesty, team, race, trust, He · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«dishonesty» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dishonesty in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dishonesty.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Behaviour that is not honest, such as lying, cheating or stealing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonesty:m1:1
# text = Behaviour that is not honest, such as lying, cheating or stealing.
1	Behaviour	behaviour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=SCONJ	9	mark	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	cheating	cheat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	stealing	steal	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | Behaviour |  |  |  |  | honest *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lie** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **cheat** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **steal** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The quality of being a person who is not honest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonesty:m2:1
# text = The quality of being a person who is not honest.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	quality	quality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	honest	honest	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | of a person | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present | a person |  |  |  |  | honest *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Copying in a test is dishonesty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonesty:x1:1
# text = Copying in a test is dishonesty.
1	Copying	copy	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	test	test	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	dishonesty	dishonesty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **copy** | gerund |  |  |  | a test |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in test=Destination |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Copying | dishonesty |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team was punished for dishonesty in the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonesty:x2:1
# text = The team was punished for dishonesty in the race.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	punished	punish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dishonesty	dishonesty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **punish** | past · passive |  | the team |  | the race |  | for dishonesty | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Patient for dishonesty=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dishonesty breaks trust between friends.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonesty:x3:1
# text = Dishonesty breaks trust between friends.
1	Dishonesty	dishonesty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	breaks	break	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	trust	trust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	between	between	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | present | Dishonesty | trust |  |  |  | between friends | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer trust=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was sacked for dishonesty at work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonesty:x4:1
# text = He was sacked for dishonesty at work.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	sacked	sack	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	dishonesty	dishonesty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sack** | past · passive |  | He |  | work |  | for dishonesty | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The story teaches that dishonesty always comes out in the end.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonesty:x5:1
# text = The story teaches that dishonesty always comes out in the end.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	teaches	teach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	dishonesty	dishonesty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	7	advmod	_	_
7	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | the story |  |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **come out** | present | dishonesty |  |  |  | in the end | always *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was ashamed of her dishonesty and said sorry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dishonesty:x6:1
# text = She was ashamed of her dishonesty and said sorry.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	ashamed	ashamed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	dishonesty	dishonesty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	sorry	sorry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | She |  |  |  |  | of her dishonesty; ashamed *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: apologize* | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | sorry *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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