---
title: disloyalty — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «disloyalty» in the school dictionary: Not being loyal: failing to support or be faithful to a friend, family, team, country or cause. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# disloyalty

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Telling, king, Peter, Switching, captain, disloyalty · **What happens:** not be, fail, not support, be, tell, punish · **To what, where:** secret, everyone, act, knight, disloyalty, game · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«disloyalty» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [disloyalty in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/disloyalty.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Not being loyal: failing to support or be faithful to a friend, family, team, country or cause.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:disloyalty:m1:1
# text = Not being loyal: failing to support or be faithful to a friend, family, team, country or cause.
1	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
2	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	cop	_	_
3	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	failing	fail	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	support	support	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	cop	_	_
10	faithful	faithful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | loyal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fail** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **not** **support** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | to a friend and family and team and country or cause; faithful *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A disloyal act.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:disloyalty:m2:1
# text = A disloyal act.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	disloyal	disloyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Telling her secret to everyone was an act of disloyalty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:disloyalty:x1:1
# text = Telling her secret to everyone was an act of disloyalty.
1	Telling	tell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	secret	secret	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	1	obl	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	disloyalty	disloyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund |  | her secret | everyone |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent secret=Topic to everyone=Recipient |
| 2 | **is a** | past | Telling | a act |  |  |  | of disloyalty | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king punished the knight for disloyalty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:disloyalty:x2:1
# text = The king punished the knight for disloyalty.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	punished	punish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	knight	knight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	disloyalty	disloyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **punish** | past | the king | the knight |  |  |  | for disloyalty | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent knight=Patient for disloyalty=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Peter wept bitterly over his disloyalty to Jesus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:disloyalty:x3:1
# text = Peter wept bitterly over his disloyalty to Jesus.
1	Peter	Peter	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wept	weep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bitterly	bitterly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	disloyalty	disloyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weep** | past | Peter |  |  | Peter's disloyalty to Jesus |  | bitterly *property* | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Switching to the other team felt like disloyalty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:disloyalty:x4:1
# text = Switching to the other team felt like disloyalty.
1	Switching	switch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	disloyalty	disloyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **switch** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | to the other team *result* | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to team=Result |
| 2 | **feel** | past | Switching |  |  |  |  | like disloyalty | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V S»: agent=Agent like disloyalty=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The captain would not forgive disloyalty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:disloyalty:x5:1
# text = The captain would not forgive disloyalty.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	captain	captain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	forgive	forgive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	disloyalty	disloyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **forgive** | would | the captain | disloyalty |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent disloyalty=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sam's disloyalty hurt more than losing the game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:disloyalty:x6:1
# text = Sam's disloyalty hurt more than losing the game.
1	Sam	Sam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	disloyalty	disloyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
6	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hurt** | past | Sam's disloyalty |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **lose** | gerund | Sam's disloyalty *not said here* | the game |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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