---
title: dispirited — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dispirited» in the school dictionary: Having lost hope and energy; feeling down and discouraged. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dispirited

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** team, campers, Mole, She, you, one bad mark · **What happens:** have, lose, feel, show, dispirit, walk off · **To what, where:** lost hope, feeling, pitch, 5, dark Wild Wood, dispirited sigh

<!-- .vabout -->
«dispirited» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dispirited in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dispirited.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Having lost hope and energy; feeling down and discouraged.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dispirited:m1:1
# text = Having lost hope and energy; feeling down and discouraged.
1	Having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
8	down	down	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	discouraged	discouraged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund |  | lost hope and energy |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hope=Patient |
| 2 | **lose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **feel** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Showing that feeling, as in a dispirited voice or a dispirited team.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dispirited:m2:1
# text = Showing that feeling, as in a dispirited voice or a dispirited team.
1	Showing	show	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	dispirited	dispirit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	dispirited	dispirited	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | gerund |  | that feeling |  |  |  | as a dispirited voice or a dispirited team | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent feeling=Recipient |
| 2 | **dispirit** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team walked off the pitch looking dispirited after losing 5–0.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dispirited:x1:1
# text = The team walked off the pitch looking dispirited after losing 5–0.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pitch	pitch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
8	dispirited	dispirit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	xcomp	_	_
9	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
11	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	–	–	SYM	SYM	ExtPos=ADP	13	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	0	0	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk off** | past | the team | the pitch |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pitch=Source |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | the team *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **dispirit** | participle | the team *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **lose** | gerund | the team *not said here* | 5 |  |  |  | – 0 | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 5=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After three rainy days, the campers were tired and dispirited.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dispirited:x2:1
# text = After three rainy days, the campers were tired and dispirited.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
3	rainy	rainy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	campers	camper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
8	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	dispirited	dispirited	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the campers |  |  |  | day | tired *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | the campers *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mole felt lost and dispirited in the dark Wild Wood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dispirited:x3:1
# text = Mole felt lost and dispirited in the dark Wild Wood.
1	Mole	Mole	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	dispirited	dispirit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	Wild	Wild	PROPN	NNP	_	10	flat	_	_
10	Wood	Wood	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | Mole |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **lose** | participle | Mole *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **dispirit** | participle | Mole *not said here* |  |  | the dark Wild Wood |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She gave a dispirited sigh and closed her maths book.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dispirited:x4:1
# text = She gave a dispirited sigh and closed her maths book.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	dispirited	dispirit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	sigh	sigh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	closed	close	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	compound	_	_
10	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | She | a dispirited sigh |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sigh=Theme |
| 2 | **dispirit** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **close** | past | She *not said here* | her maths book |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't be dispirited by one bad mark; you can try again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dispirited:x5:1
# text = Don't be dispirited by one bad mark; you can try again.
1	Do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	dispirited	dispirit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
7	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	try	try	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	_
13	again	again	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **dispirit** | infinitive · passive | one bad mark |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **try** | can | you |  |  |  | again |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dispirited soldiers trudged back through the mud.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dispirited:x6:1
# text = The dispirited soldiers trudged back through the mud.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	dispirited	dispirited	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	trudged	trudge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	back	back	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trudge back** | past | the dispirited soldiers |  |  | the mud |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through mud=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kind word can cheer up a dispirited friend.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dispirited:x7:1
# text = A kind word can cheer up a dispirited friend.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	cheer	cheer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	dispirited	dispirit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
9	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheer up** | can | a kind word | a dispirited friend |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent friend=Patient |
| 2 | **dispirit** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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