---
title: distill — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «distill» in the school dictionary: To make a liquid pure by heating it into steam (vapour) and cooling the steam back into liquid. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# distill

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, you, steam, teacher, us, majesty · **What happens:** make, heat, cool back, take, put, distil · **To what, where:** liquid, steam, drink, important parts, parts, short form

<!-- .vabout -->
«distill» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [distill in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/distill.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make a liquid pure by heating it into steam (vapour) and cooling the steam back into liquid.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distill:m1:1
# text = To make a liquid pure by heating it into steam (vapour) and cooling the steam back into liquid.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
6	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	heating	heat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	advcl	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	vapour	vapour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	cooling	cool	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	back	back	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
19	into	into	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a liquid |  |  |  | pure *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset liquid=Product |
| 2 | **heat** | gerund |  | liquid |  |  |  | into steam *result* | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent it=Patient into steam=Result |
| 3 | **cool back** | gerund |  | the steam |  | liquid |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent steam=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To make a drink like whisky this way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distill:m2:1
# text = To make a drink like whisky this way.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	whisky	whisky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a drink |  |  |  | like whisky; this way *obl:unmarked* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset drink=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To take the most important parts of an idea or text and put them in a short form.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distill:m3:1
# text = To take the most important parts of an idea or text and put them in a short form.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	idea	idea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | to-infinitive |  | the important parts of a idea or text |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme |
| 2 | **put** | infinitive |  | parts *= part* |  | a short form |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme in form=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We distilled salty water to get pure water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distill:x1:1
# text = We distilled salty water to get pure water.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	distilled	distil	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	salty	salty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **distil** | past | We | salty water |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent water=Source |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | pure water |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer water=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Distilled water is used in car batteries and irons.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distill:x2:1
# text = Distilled water is used in car batteries and irons.
1	Distilled	distil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	batteries	battery	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	irons	iron	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **distil** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **use** | present · passive |  | Distilled water |  | car batteries and irons |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whisky is distilled in Scotland and Ireland.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distill:x3:1
# text = Whisky is distilled in Scotland and Ireland.
1	Whisky	Whisky	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	distilled	distil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **distil** | present · passive |  | Whisky |  | Scotland and Ireland |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Can you distill the story into one sentence?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distill:x4:1
# text = Can you distill the story into one sentence?
1	Can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	distill	distill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	sentence	sentence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **distill** | can | you | the story |  | one sentence |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent story=Source |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The steam cooled in the tube and became distilled water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distill:x5:1
# text = The steam cooled in the tube and became distilled water.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	steam	steam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cooled	cool	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	tube	tube	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	distilled	distil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cool** | participle | the steam |  |  | the tube |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **become** | past | the steam *not said here* | distilled water |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **distil** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The teacher helped us distill our ideas into a poster.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distill:x6:1
# text = The teacher helped us distill our ideas into a poster.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	distill	distill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	poster	poster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | the teacher | us |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **distill** | infinitive | us *not said here* | our ideas |  | a poster |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent idea=Source |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Perfumes are made by distilling flowers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distill:x7:1
# text = Perfumes are made by distilling flowers.
1	Perfumes	perfume	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	distilling	distil	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
6	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Perfumes |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **distil** | gerund |  | flowers |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent flower=Source |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your majesty is well aware that I sometimes amuse myself by distilling very powerful medicines.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distill:x8:1
# text = Your majesty is well aware that I sometimes amuse myself by distilling very powerful medicines.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	majesty	majesty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
5	aware	aware	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	9	advmod	_	_
9	amuse	amuse	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
10	myself	myself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	9	obj	_	_
11	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	distilling	distil	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
13	very	very	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	powerful	powerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	medicines	medicine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Your majesty |  |  |  |  | aware, well *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **amuse** | present | I | myself |  |  |  | sometimes *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus myself=Experiencer |
| 3 | **distil** | gerund | I *not said here* | powerful medicines |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent medicine=Source |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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