---
title: distillation — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «distillation» in the school dictionary: Distillation is a way of making a liquid pure by heating it until it turns into vapour (gas), then cooling the vapour so it turns back into liquid and collecting it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# distillation

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Distillation, way, water, Distilled water, We, Fractional distillation · **What happens:** be, make, heat, turn, cool, turn back · **To what, where:** way, Distillation, vapour, liquid, important part, rest

<!-- .vabout -->
«distillation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [distillation in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/distillation.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Distillation is a way of making a liquid pure by heating it until it turns into vapour (gas), then cooling the vapour so it turns back into liquid and collecting it.

<!-- fold The tree, 31 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distillation:m1:1
# text = Distillation is a way of making a liquid pure by heating it until it turns into vapour (gas), then cooling the vapour so it turns back into liquid and collecting it.
1	Distillation	distillation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	liquid	liquid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
10	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	heating	heat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	advcl	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
16	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	vapour	vapour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
18	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	23	advmod	_	_
23	cooling	cool	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	conj	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	vapour	vapour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	so	so	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	advcl	_	_
29	back	back	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
30	into	into	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	collecting	collect	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	31	conj	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Distillation | a way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | gerund | a way *not said here* |  |  |  |  | pure *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **heat** | gerund | a way *not said here* | Distillation |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 4 | **turn** | present | Distillation |  |  | vapour |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into vapour=Trajectory |
| 5 | **cool** | gerund | a way *not said here* | the vapour |  |  | then |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent vapour=Patient |
| 6 | **turn back** | present | Distillation |  |  | liquid |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **collect** | gerund | Distillation *not said here* | Distillation |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A distillation is the most important part of something, kept after the rest is taken away.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distillation:m2:1
# text = A distillation is the most important part of something, kept after the rest is taken away.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	distillation	distillation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	important	important	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
12	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	advcl	_	_
17	away	away	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a distillation | the important part |  |  |  | of something | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | participle | a distillation *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **take away** | present · passive |  | the rest |  |  |  | away *property* | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Distillation can turn sea water into drinking water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distillation:x1:1
# text = Distillation can turn sea water into drinking water.
1	Distillation	distillation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	drinking	drink	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | can | Distillation | sea water |  | drinking water |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent water=Theme into water=Trajectory |
| 2 | **drink** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In distillation, the water evaporates and then condenses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distillation:x2:1
# text = In distillation, the water evaporates and then condenses.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	distillation	distillation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	evaporates	evaporate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
9	condenses	condense	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **evaporate** | present | the water |  |  | distillation |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **condense** | present | the water *not said here* |  |  |  | then |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The salt is left behind after distillation.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distillation:x3:1
# text = The salt is left behind after distillation.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	behind	behind	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	distillation	distillation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave behind** | present · passive |  | the salt |  |  | after distillation | behind *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Distilled water is very pure.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distillation:x4:1
# text = Distilled water is very pure.
1	Distilled	distil	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **distil** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | Distilled water |  |  |  |  | pure *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We watched a distillation experiment in the science lab.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distillation:x5:1
# text = We watched a distillation experiment in the science lab.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	distillation	distillation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	experiment	experiment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	science	science	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	lab	lab	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | past | We | a distillation experiment |  | the science lab |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent experiment=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fractional distillation separates crude oil into different fuels.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distillation:x6:1
# text = Fractional distillation separates crude oil into different fuels.
1	Fractional	fractional	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	distillation	distillation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	separates	separate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	crude	crude	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	fuels	fuel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **separate** | present | Fractional distillation | crude oil |  |  |  | into different fuels *goal* | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent oil=Theme into fuel=Goal |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her talk was a distillation of years of study.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:distillation:x7:1
# text = Her talk was a distillation of years of study.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	distillation	distillation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Her talk | a distillation |  |  | year |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **talk** |  | Her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom talk «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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