---
title: dit — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dit» in the school dictionary: In Morse code, «dit» is the spoken name of a short signal (a dot); «dah» is the long one (a dash). Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dit

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** dit, dah, French word, il, c'est dit, ear · **What happens:** speak, be, mean, say, dit, settle · **To what, where:** spoken name, Morse code, long one, French word, that, story · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«dit» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dit in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dit.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Morse code, «dit» is the spoken name of a short signal (a dot); «dah» is the long one (a dash).

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dit:m1:1
# text = In Morse code, «dit» is the spoken name of a short signal (a dot); «dah» is the long one (a dash).
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	Morse	Morse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	code	code	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	signal	signal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	dot	dot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
21	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	dah	dah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	_
24	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
28	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	dash	dash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | dit | the spoken name and the long one |  | Morse code |  | of a short signal | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | dah | the long one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: French — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Dit» is a French word meaning «said» or «says»: «il dit» means «he says», «c'est dit» means «that's settled»; to an English ear it sounds like «dee».

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dit:m2:1
# text = «Dit» is a French word meaning «said» or «says»: «il dit» means «he says», «c'est dit» means «that's settled»; to an English ear it sounds like «dee».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	French	French	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	il	il	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
21	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	parataxis	_	_
22	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
27	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	c'est	c'	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	29	amod	_	_
29	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	_
31	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	conj	_	_
32	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	35	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux:pass	_	_
35	settled	settle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	31	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
38	to	to	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
39	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
40	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	_
42	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
43	sounds	sound	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	parataxis	_	_
44	like	like	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	46	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	dee	Dee	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	43	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Dit | a French word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | gerund | a French word *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **dit** *in a quote* |  | il |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **mean** | present | dit |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 7 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | Dit |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **mean** | present | c'est dit |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 9 | **settle** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | that |  |  |  |  | vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: subject=Location |
| 10 | **sound** | present | ear |  |  |  |  | to a English ear; like dee | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to ear=Experiencer |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: UK navy slang — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dit is a story or yarn, as in «spin a dit».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dit:m3:1
# text = A dit is a story or yarn, as in «spin a dit».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	yarn	yarn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	spin	spin	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a dit | a story or yarn |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spin** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | a dit |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent dit=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Morse code, the letter E is just one dit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dit:x1:1
# text = In Morse code, the letter E is just one dit.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	Morse	Morse	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	code	code	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	E	e	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	just	just	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the letter E | one dit |  | Morse code |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
SOS is dit-dit-dit, dah-dah-dah, dit-dit-dit.

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dit:x2:1
# text = SOS is dit-dit-dit, dah-dah-dah, dit-dit-dit.
1	SOS	sos	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	dah	dah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	dah	dah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	dah	dah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | SOS | dit dit dit and dah dah and dah and dit dit dit |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We tapped dits and dahs on the desk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dit:x3:1
# text = We tapped dits and dahs on the desk.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tapped	tap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	dits	dit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	dahs	dah	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tap** | past | We | dits and dahs |  |  |  | on the desk | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent dit=Instrument on desk=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In French, «Maman dit non» means «Mum says no».

<!-- fold The tree, 9 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dit:x4:1
# text = In French, «Maman dit non» means «Mum says no».
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Maman	maman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	non	non	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
13	no	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	12	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Maman dit non |  |  | French |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | Mum |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old sailor spun a dit about a storm at sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dit:x5:1
# text = The old sailor spun a dit about a storm at sea.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sailor	sailor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	spun	spin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spin** | past | the old sailor | a dit |  |  |  | about a storm at sea | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent dit=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dit is short; a dah is three times as long.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dit:x6:1
# text = A dit is short; a dah is three times as long.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dit	dit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dah	dah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl:unmarked	_	_
11	as	as	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a dit |  |  |  |  | long, short *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a dah | three times |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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