---
title: do — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «do» in the school dictionary: To do is to carry out an action: do your homework. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# do

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, That, do, party, exam voice, child · **What happens:** be, do, help, make, stand, say · **To what, where:** homework, questions, verb, party, birthday, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«do» in the school dictionary: its 8 meanings for a pupil and its 12 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [do in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/do.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To do is to carry out an action: do your homework.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:m1:1
# text = To do is to carry out an action: do your homework.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	carry	carry	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | to-infinitive · do-support |  |  |  |  |  | carry *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | infinitive |  | your homework |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do helps make questions and «not» sentences.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:m2:1
# text = Do helps make questions and «not» sentences.
1	Do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	aux	_	_
2	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
4	questions	question	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	sentences	sentence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present · do-support |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | infinitive |  | questions |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset question=Product |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do you like cats? I don't know.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Do you like cats?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:m2e:1
# text = Do you like cats?
1	Do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	like	like	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **like** | present · do-support | you | cats |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot cat=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* I don't know.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:m2e:2
# text = I don't know.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **know** | present · do-support | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do can stand for a verb already said: «Who ate it?» «I did.».

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Do can stand for a verb already said: «Who ate it?»

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:m3:1
# text = Do can stand for a verb already said: «Who ate it?»
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	stand	stand	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	verb	verb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
7	already	already	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | can · infinitive · do-support |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: ask* | past |  |  |  |  |  | for a verb | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **eat** *in a quote* | past |  | verb |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* «I did.».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:m3:2
# text = «I did.».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** *in a quote* | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To do well or badly is to get on well or badly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:m4:1
# text = To do well or badly is to get on well or badly.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
3	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	2	advmod	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	get	get	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	on	on	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	badly	badly	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | get, well *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Will do» or «That will do» means that is enough or that is fine.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:m5:1
# text = «Will do» or «That will do» means that is enough or that is fine.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj	_	_
8	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
11	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	14	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	enough	enough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	ccomp	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** *in a quote* | future |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **do** *in a quote* | future | That |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | enough *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | fine *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual, UK, Ireland, Australia — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A do is a party: a birthday do.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:m6:1
# text = A do is a party: a birthday do.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	do	do	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	birthday	birthday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
9	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a do | a party |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present | a party *not said here* | a birthday |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: rough — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Do» can mean hurt or punish: «I'll do you!», «he got done for speeding» (caught by the police); «done in» means very tired.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:m7:1
# text = «Do» can mean hurt or punish: «I'll do you!», «he got done for speeding» (caught by the police); «done in» means very tired.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	punish	punish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	nsubj	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	got	get	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	parataxis	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	speeding	speeding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	_
25	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	caught	catch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	parataxis	_	_
27	by	by	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	advcl	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	RP	_	33	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	33	punct	_	_
36	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
37	very	very	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
38	tired	tired	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can · infinitive · do-support |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **hurt** *not said to happen* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **punish** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **do** *in a quote* | future | I |  | you |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Eventuality |
| 5 | **do** *in a quote* | past · passive |  | he |  |  |  | for speeding | tree rules |
| 6 | **catch** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by the police | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **do in** *in a quote* | participle | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | tired *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 8 {#m8}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The exam voice says «perform», «carry out», «execute», «undertake», «complete» where a child would say «do».

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:m8:1
# text = The exam voice says «perform», «carry out», «execute», «undertake», «complete» where a child would say «do».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	perform	perform	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	execute	execute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	undertake	undertake	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	23	punct	_	_
25	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	29	advmod	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
28	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
29	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
30	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the exam voice |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **perform** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **carry out** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **execute** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **undertake** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 6 | **say** *speech: assert* | would | a child |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 7 | **do** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many cards does Ben have now?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x1:1
# text = How many cards does Ben have now?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
4	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · do-support | Ben | many cards |  |  | now |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many cards did Anna find altogether?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x2:1
# text = How many cards did Anna find altogether?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	Anna	Anna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past · do-support | many cards |  |  |  |  | altogether *property* | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do you have more pens than Ali?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x3:1
# text = Do you have more pens than Ali?
1	Do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	pens	pen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Ali	Ali	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · do-support | you | more pens |  |  |  | than Ali | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pen=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Did you do your homework?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x4:1
# text = Did you do your homework?
1	Did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	homework	homework	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past · do-support | you | your homework |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I don't like spinach.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x5:1
# text = I don't like spinach.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	like	like	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	spinach	spinach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **like** | present · do-support | I | spinach |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot spinach=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Let's do a puzzle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x6:1
# text = Let's do a puzzle.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	puzzle	puzzle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | 's |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | infinitive | 's *not said here* | a puzzle |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puzzle=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Do your best in the race!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x7:1
# text = Do your best in the race!
1	Do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | imperative | you *not said here* | your best |  | the race |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent good=Eventuality |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She does karate after school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x8:1
# text = She does karate after school.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	karate	karate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | She | karate |  |  | after school |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent karate=Eventuality |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Who wants cake?» «I do!»

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «Who wants cake?»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x9:1
# text = «Who wants cake?»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** *in a quote* | present |  | cake |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot cake=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* «I do!»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x9:2
# text = «I do!»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We're having a do for nan's 80th, need 20 chairs

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x10:1
# text = We're having a do for nan's 80th, need 20 chairs
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	having	have	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	do	do	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	nan	nan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	80th	80th	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	chairs	chair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · progressive | We | a do |  |  |  | for nan's 80th | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent do=Patient |
| 2 | **need** | present | We *not said here* | 20 chairs |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot chair=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Touch my bike and I'll do you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x11:1
# text = Touch my bike and I'll do you.
1	Touch	touch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	bike	bike	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **touch** | imperative | you *not said here* | my bike |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bike=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **do** | future | I |  | you |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Eventuality |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Perform the indicated operation and state the result: 17 − 9.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:do:x12:1
# text = Perform the indicated operation and state the result: 17 − 9.
1	Perform	perform	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	indicated	indicate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	operation	operation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
10	17	17	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	appos	_	_
11	−	−	SYM	SYM	_	12	case	_	_
12	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perform** | imperative | you *not said here* | the indicated operation and state  the result |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent operation=Theme |
| 2 | **indicate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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