---
title: doctrine — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «doctrine» in the school dictionary: A belief or set of beliefs taught by a church or religion, such as the Christian doctrine of the Trinity. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# doctrine

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** government, courts, doctrine, Different churches, priest, church · **What happens:** teach, indoctrinate, follow, say, be, have · **To what, where:** beliefs, Trinity, ideas, rule, God Father, different doctrines · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«doctrine» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [doctrine in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/doctrine.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: church — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A belief or set of beliefs taught by a church or religion, such as the Christian doctrine of the Trinity.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doctrine:m1:1
# text = A belief or set of beliefs taught by a church or religion, such as the Christian doctrine of the Trinity.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	belief	belief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	beliefs	belief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	taught	teach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	religion	religion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	18	case	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	Christian	Christian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Trinity	Trinity	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | participle |  | beliefs *not said here* |  |  |  | by a church or religion and the Christian doctrine of the Trinity | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **indoctrinate** |  |  | the Trinity |  |  |  |  | nom doctrine «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A set of ideas or rules that a government, army or group follows.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doctrine:m2:1
# text = A set of ideas or rules that a government, army or group follows.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	ideas	idea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
14	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | present | a government and army or group | ideas or rules |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: law — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rule or principle that courts follow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doctrine:m3:1
# text = A rule or principle that courts follow.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rule	rule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	principle	principle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obj	_	_
6	courts	court	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	follow	follow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | present | courts | a rule or principle |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctrine of the Trinity says God is Father, Son and Holy Spirit.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doctrine:x1:1
# text = The doctrine of the Trinity says God is Father, Son and Holy Spirit.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Trinity	Trinity	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	Father	Father	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	Son	Son	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	Holy	Holy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	flat	_	_
14	Spirit	Spirit	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the doctrine of the Trinity |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | God Father and Son and Holy Spirit |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **indoctrinate** |  |  | the Trinity |  |  |  |  | nom doctrine «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Different churches have different doctrines about baptism.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doctrine:x2:1
# text = Different churches have different doctrines about baptism.
1	Different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	churches	church	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	doctrines	doctrine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	baptism	baptism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Different churches | different doctrines |  |  |  | about baptism | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent doctrine=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The priest explained the church's doctrine.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doctrine:x3:1
# text = The priest explained the church's doctrine.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	explained	explain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | past | the priest | the church's doctrine |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent doctrine=Topic |
| 2 | **indoctrinate** |  | the church |  |  |  |  |  | nom doctrine «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The leader's doctrine was to never give up land.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doctrine:x4:1
# text = The leader's doctrine was to never give up land.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leader	leader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
7	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **give up** | past | the leader's doctrine | land |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Source |
| 2 | **indoctrinate** |  | the leader |  |  |  |  |  | nom doctrine «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Students of law learn about legal doctrines.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doctrine:x5:1
# text = Students of law learn about legal doctrines.
1	Students	student	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	learn	learn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	doctrines	doctrine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present | Students of law |  |  |  |  | about legal doctrines | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about doctrine=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Christians believe the doctrine of the resurrection.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doctrine:x6:1
# text = Christians believe the doctrine of the resurrection.
1	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	believe	believe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	resurrection	resurrection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present | Christians | the doctrine of the resurrection |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer doctrine=Stimulus |
| 2 | **indoctrinate** |  |  | the resurrection |  |  |  |  | nom doctrine «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is believed that in later times a still deeper meaning was conveyed by this beautiful myth, viz., the doctrine of the immortality of the soul.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doctrine:x7:1
# text = It is believed that in later times a still deeper meaning was conveyed by this beautiful myth, viz., the doctrine of the immortality of the soul.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	believed	believe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	later	late	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	still	still	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	deeper	deep	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	11	amod	_	_
11	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	conveyed	convey	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	17	det	_	_
16	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	viz	viz	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	doctrine	doctrine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	immortality	immortality	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **believe** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **convey** | past · passive | this beautiful myth and the doctrine of the immortality of the soul | a deeper meaning |  |  | time |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |
| 3 | **indoctrinate** |  |  | the immortality of the soul |  |  |  |  | nom doctrine «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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