---
title: doings — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «doings» in the school dictionary: Doings are the things a person does or has done, their actions, often ones that get judged as good or bad: the doings of a naughty goblin. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# doings

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Doings, person, new puppy, king, kind doings, Mum · **What happens:** be, do, judge, act, chew, tell · **To what, where:** things, ones, doings, everything, court, whole village · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«doings» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [doings in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/doings.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Doings are the things a person does or has done, their actions, often ones that get judged as good or bad: the doings of a naughty goblin.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doings:m1:1
# text = Doings are the things a person does or has done, their actions, often ones that get judged as good or bad: the doings of a naughty goblin.
1	Doings	doing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	actions	action	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	often	often	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	get	get	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	judged	judge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	obl	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	doings	doing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	naughty	naughty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	goblin	goblin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Doings | the things and Doings's actions |  |  |  | the doings of a naughty goblin *nmod* | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present | a person | the things and Doings's actions *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |
| 3 | **do** | present · perfect | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **judge** | present · passive |  | ones |  |  |  | as good | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme as good=Attribute |
| 5 | **act** |  | Doings *= doing* |  |  |  |  |  | nom action «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
These are the doings of our new puppy, who chews everything.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doings:x1:1
# text = These are the doings of our new puppy, who chews everything.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	doings	doing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	chews	chew	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
12	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | this doings |  |  |  | of our new puppy | tree rules |
| 2 | **chew** | present | our new puppy | everything |  |  |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The king told the court about the doings of his brother.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doings:x2:1
# text = The king told the court about the doings of his brother.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	iobj	_	_
6	about	about	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	doings	doing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the king |  | the court |  |  | about the doings of king's brother | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent court=Recipient about doing=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her kind doings made the whole village happy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doings:x3:1
# text = Her kind doings made the whole village happy.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	doings	doing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Her kind doings | the whole village |  |  |  | happy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset village=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum laughed at my doings in the garden.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doings:x4:1
# text = Mum laughed at my doings in the garden.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	doings	doing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **laugh** | past | Mum |  |  | my doings |  | in the garden | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in garden=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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