---
title: doldrums — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «doldrums» in the school dictionary: A feeling of being sad, bored or stuck, with no energy, as in «in the doldrums». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# doldrums

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** nothing, economy, area, sailing ships, I, best friend · **What happens:** be, happen, grow, sail, move away, lose · **To what, where:** doldrums, little wind, five matches, me

<!-- .vabout -->
«doldrums» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [doldrums in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/doldrums.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A feeling of being sad, bored or stuck, with no energy, as in «in the doldrums».

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doldrums:m1:1
# text = A feeling of being sad, bored or stuck, with no energy, as in «in the doldrums».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	cop	_	_
5	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	bored	bored	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	stuck	stuck	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	13	det	_	_
13	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	doldrums	doldrums	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A time when nothing is happening or growing, as in «the economy is in the doldrums».

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doldrums:m2:1
# text = A time when nothing is happening or growing, as in «the economy is in the doldrums».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
4	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	6	nsubj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	happening	happen	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	acl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	economy	economy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	doldrums	doldrums	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present · progressive | nothing |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | gerund | nothing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the economy |  |  | the doldrums |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: geography — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An area of sea near the equator where there is often very little wind, so sailing ships could be stuck for days.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doldrums:m3:1
# text = An area of sea near the equator where there is often very little wind, so sailing ships could be stuck for days.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	near	near	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	equator	equator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
9	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	10	expl	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
11	often	often	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	very	very	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	so	so	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
17	sailing	sail	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	amod	_	_
18	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
19	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	cop	_	_
21	stuck	stuck	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	conj	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a area of sea near the equator | little wind |  |  |  | often *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **sail** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | could | sailing ships |  |  |  | day | stuck *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I was in the doldrums all week after my best friend moved away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doldrums:x1:1
# text = I was in the doldrums all week after my best friend moved away.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	doldrums	doldrums	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:unmarked	_	_
8	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	11	amod	_	_
11	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
13	away	away	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | I |  |  | the doldrums | week |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **move away** | past | my best friend |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sailing ships were stuck in the doldrums for days with no wind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doldrums:x2:1
# text = Sailing ships were stuck in the doldrums for days with no wind.
1	Sailing	sail	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	stuck	stuck	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	doldrums	doldrums	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	12	det	_	_
12	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sail** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | Sailing ships |  |  | the doldrums | day | stuck *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The team was in the doldrums after losing five matches.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doldrums:x3:1
# text = The team was in the doldrums after losing five matches.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	doldrums	doldrums	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
9	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	matches	match	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the team |  |  | the doldrums |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lose** | gerund | the doldrums *not said here* | five matches |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent match=Eventuality |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doldrums lie close to the equator.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doldrums:x4:1
# text = The doldrums lie close to the equator.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doldrums	doldrum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lie	lie	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	close	close	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	equator	equator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | present | the doldrums |  |  |  |  | to the equator; close *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Shops are in the doldrums in January after Christmas.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doldrums:x5:1
# text = Shops are in the doldrums in January after Christmas.
1	Shops	shop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	doldrums	doldrums	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	January	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Shops |  |  | the doldrums | after Christmas; january |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sunny walk got me out of the doldrums.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:doldrums:x6:1
# text = A sunny walk got me out of the doldrums.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sunny	sunny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	doldrums	doldrums	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | a sunny walk | me |  | the doldrums |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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