---
title: dolefully — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dolefully» in the school dictionary: Dolefully means in a sad, mournful way, as if very unhappy: he sighed dolefully. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dolefully

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**Who acts:** he, I, dog, She · **What happens:** mean, sigh, lose, say, look, sit down · **To what, where:** ball · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«dolefully» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dolefully in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dolefully.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dolefully means in a sad, mournful way, as if very unhappy: he sighed dolefully.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dolefully:m1:1
# text = Dolefully means in a sad, mournful way, as if very unhappy: he sighed dolefully.
1	Dolefully	dolefully	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	mournful	mournful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	very	very	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	unhappy	unhappy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	sighed	sigh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
17	dolefully	dolefully	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | in a sad mournful way; dolefully *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute |
| 2 | **sigh** | past | he |  |  |  |  | dolefully *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"I lost my ball," he said dolefully.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dolefully:x1:1
# text = "I lost my ball," he said dolefully.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	dolefully	dolefully	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** *in a quote* | past | I | my ball |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ball=Eventuality |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  | dolefully *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog looked dolefully at the empty bowl.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dolefully:x2:1
# text = The dog looked dolefully at the empty bowl.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	dolefully	dolefully	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	bowl	bowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  | at the empty bowl; dolefully *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at bowl=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She sighed dolefully and sat down on the step.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dolefully:x3:1
# text = She sighed dolefully and sat down on the step.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sighed	sigh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	dolefully	dolefully	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sigh** | past | She |  |  |  |  | dolefully *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **sit down** | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on the step | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on step=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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