---
title: dormancy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dormancy» in the school dictionary: A time when a living thing is alive but not active or growing, as in seeds waiting to sprout or animals hibernating. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dormancy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** living thing, seeds, time, Trees, volcano, Bears · **What happens:** be, not be, grow, wait, sprout, hibernate · **To what, where:** animals, dormancy, leaves, kind

<!-- .vabout -->
«dormancy» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dormancy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dormancy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A time when a living thing is alive but not active or growing, as in seeds waiting to sprout or animals hibernating.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dormancy:m1:1
# text = A time when a living thing is alive but not active or growing, as in seeds waiting to sprout or animals hibernating.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	living	living	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	acl	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	active	active	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	as	as	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
18	waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	acl	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	sprout	sprout	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
23	hibernating	hibernate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a living thing |  |  |  |  | as seeds; alive *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **be** |  | a living thing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **grow** | gerund | a living thing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **wait** | gerund | seeds *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **sprout** | to-infinitive | seeds *not said here* | animals |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **hibernate** | gerund | seeds *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: agent=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A time when a volcano or other thing is quiet but could become active again.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dormancy:m2:1
# text = A time when a volcano or other thing is quiet but could become active again.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	volcano	volcano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
14	active	active	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	_
15	again	again	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a time |  |  |  |  | quiet *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **become** | could | a time *not said here* |  |  |  | again | active *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The seeds stayed in dormancy until the spring rain.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dormancy:x1:1
# text = The seeds stayed in dormancy until the spring rain.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	dormancy	dormancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	until	until	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | past | the seeds |  |  | dormancy | until the spring rain |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dormancy=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trees lose their leaves and enter dormancy in winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dormancy:x2:1
# text = Trees lose their leaves and enter dormancy in winter.
1	Trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lose	lose	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	enter	enter	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
7	dormancy	dormancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | present | Trees | Trees's leaves |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Eventuality |
| 2 | **enter** | present | Trees *not said here* | dormancy |  |  | winter |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme dormancy=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The volcano woke up after centuries of dormancy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dormancy:x3:1
# text = The volcano woke up after centuries of dormancy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	volcano	volcano	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	woke	wake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	dormancy	dormancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wake up** | past | the volcano |  |  |  | century |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bears are in a kind of dormancy during winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dormancy:x4:1
# text = Bears are in a kind of dormancy during winter.
1	Bears	bear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	dormancy	dormancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	during	during	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Bears |  |  | a kind | winter | of dormancy | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cold weather helps some bulbs break their dormancy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dormancy:x5:1
# text = Cold weather helps some bulbs break their dormancy.
1	Cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	bulbs	bulb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	break	break	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	dormancy	dormancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | Cold weather |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **break** | present | some bulbs | bulbs's dormancy |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dormancy=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After years of dormancy, the old club started meeting again.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dormancy:x6:1
# text = After years of dormancy, the old club started meeting again.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	dormancy	dormancy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	meeting	meet	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	xcomp	_	_
11	again	again	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | the old club |  |  |  | year |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **meet** | gerund | the old club *not said here* |  |  |  | again |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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