---
title: down — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «down» in the school dictionary: Down means toward a lower place. You walk down the stairs. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# down

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** You, prices, Feeling, soft fluffy feathers, internet, I · **What happens:** mean, walk down, go down, feel down, feel, be · **To what, where:** stairs, less, road, paper, choice, Australia · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«down» in the school dictionary: its 12 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [down in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/down.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Down means toward a lower place. You walk down the stairs.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Down means toward a lower place.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m1:1
# text = Down means toward a lower place.
1	Down	down	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | toward a lower place; down *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* You walk down the stairs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m1:2
# text = You walk down the stairs.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walk	walk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	down	down	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	stairs	stair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk down** | present | You | the stairs |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme stair=Trajectory |

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Down means less or lower in amount, like prices going down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m2:1
# text = Down means less or lower in amount, like prices going down.
1	Down	down	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	conj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	prices	price	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
11	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	down	down	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  | less |  |  |  | in amount and prices; down *property* | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot less=Theme in amount=Attribute |
| 2 | **go down** | gerund | prices *not said here* |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Down can mean along: walk down the road.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m3:1
# text = Down can mean along: walk down the road.
1	Down	down	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	along	along	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  | along, down *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **walk down** | infinitive |  | the road |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme road=Trajectory |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Feeling down means feeling sad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m4:1
# text = Feeling down means feeling sad.
1	Feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	csubj	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel down** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Feeling |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **feel** *not said to happen* | gerund | Feeling *not said here* |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Down is the soft fluffy feathers of young birds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m5:1
# text = Down is the soft fluffy feathers of young birds.
1	Down	down	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	fluffy	fluffy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the soft fluffy feathers of young birds |  |  |  |  | down *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write down means put on paper.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m6:1
# text = Write down means put on paper.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	nsubj	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write down** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **put** *not said to happen* | participle |  |  |  | paper |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on paper=Destination |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Down means not working: «the internet is down».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m7:1
# text = Down means not working: «the internet is down».
1	Down	down	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	working	work	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	internet	internet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	down	down	ADV	RB	_	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **work** *not said to happen* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | the internet |  |  |  |  | down *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 8 {#m8}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«I'm down» or «down for it» (US slang) means I agree, I'll join; «down to you» means your choice; «down under» means Australia and NZ.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m8:1
# text = «I'm down» or «down for it» (US slang) means I agree, I'll join; «down to you» means your choice; «down under» means Australia and NZ.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	down	down	ADV	RB	_	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	down	down	ADV	RB	_	4	conj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
12	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	slang	slang	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	14	punct	_	_
16	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
17	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	agree	agree	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	join	join	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
24	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	down	down	ADV	RB	_	29	nsubj	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	25	punct	_	_
29	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	parataxis	_	_
30	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	choice	choice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
33	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	34	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	down	down	ADV	RB	_	37	nsubj	_	_
35	under	under	ADP	IN	_	37	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	35	punct	_	_
37	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	conj	_	_
38	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
40	NZ	NZ	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  | down *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **agree** *speech: agree* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **join** | future | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **mean** | present |  | your choice |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent choice=Topic |
| 6 | **mean** | present |  | Australia and NZ |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent australia=Topic |

## Meaning 9 {#m9}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: rude — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Put someone down» is to make them feel small; «shut it down» and «pipe down» mean be quiet.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m9:1
# text = «Put someone down» is to make them feel small; «shut it down» and «pipe down» mean be quiet.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	nsubj	_	_
3	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	shut	shut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	down	down	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	pipe	pipe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
21	down	down	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
23	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
24	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	cop	_	_
25	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put down** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  | someone |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent someone=Goal |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | make *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **feel** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | small *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **shut down** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 5 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is** *not said to happen* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | quiet *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 10 {#m10}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: euphemism — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Downsizing» means sacking workers; «let someone down» means disappoint them.

<!-- fold The tree, 10 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m10:1
# text = «Downsizing» means sacking workers; «let someone down» means disappoint them.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Downsizing	downsizing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	sacking	sack	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	ccomp	_	_
10	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obj	_	_
11	down	down	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
13	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
14	disappoint	disappoint	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	ccomp	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Downsizing |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **sack** *not said to happen* | gerund | Downsizing *not said here* | workers |  |  |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worker=Theme |
| 3 | **let down** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | someone |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |
| 4 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **disappoint** | infinitive |  | workers *= worker* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 11 {#m11}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Exams say «decrease», «decline», «diminish», «descend», «reduce», «a reduction of» and «in a downward direction».

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m11:1
# text = Exams say «decrease», «decline», «diminish», «descend», «reduce», «a reduction of» and «in a downward direction».
1	Exams	exam	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	decrease	decrease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	decline	decline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	diminish	diminish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	descend	descend	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	reduce	reduce	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	reduction	reduction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	parataxis	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	25	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
29	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	downward	downward	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	direction	direction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Exams | decrease and decline |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **diminish** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **descend** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **reduce** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer |

## Meaning 12 {#m12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To settle down means to make your home somewhere and stay there for good.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:m12:1
# text = To settle down means to make your home somewhere and stay there for good.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	settle	settle	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	nsubj	_	_
3	down	down	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	somewhere	somewhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	6	advmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
12	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **settle down** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | your home |  |  |  | somewhere *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset home=Product |
| 4 | **stay** | infinitive |  |  |  | there |  | for good | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The price went down by $3.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x1:1
# text = The price went down by $3.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	$	$	SYM	$	_	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go down** | past | the price |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by $=Location |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The temperature dropped down to 2 degrees.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x2:1
# text = The temperature dropped down to 2 degrees.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	degrees	degree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop down** | past | the temperature |  |  | 2 degrees |  | down *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to degree=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She walked 5 blocks down the street.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x3:1
# text = She walked 5 blocks down the street.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	blocks	block	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | She | 5 blocks |  | the street |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent block=Theme down street=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write down the answer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x4:1
# text = Write down the answer.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write down** | imperative | you *not said here* | the answer |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please sit down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x5:1
# text = Please sit down.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	sit	sit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	down	down	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit down** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Slow down near the school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x6:1
# text = Slow down near the school.
1	Slow	slow	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	near	near	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slow down** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the school |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He felt down after losing the game.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x7:1
# text = He felt down after losing the game.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	down	down	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel down** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **lose** | gerund | He *not said here* | the game |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Eventuality |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ducklings are covered in soft down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x8:1
# text = Ducklings are covered in soft down.
1	Ducklings	duckling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl	_	_
6	down	down	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover down** | present · passive |  | Ducklings |  |  |  | in soft; down *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in soft=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Count down from ten to zero.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x9:1
# text = Count down from ten to zero.
1	Count	count	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	1	obl	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	zero	zero	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count down** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | ten to zero |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
footy at 4, u down? we need 2 more.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x10:1
# text = footy at 4, u down? we need 2 more.
1	footy	footy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	u	you	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
6	down	down	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | footy at 4 | 2 more |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot more=Theme |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pipe down, I'm counting the money!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x11:1
# text = Pipe down, I'm counting the money!
1	Pipe	pipe	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	down	down	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	counting	count	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pipe down** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **count** | present · progressive | I | the money |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The temperature, initially 9 degrees, declines by 3 degrees and subsequently by a further 2 degrees. State the final temperature.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The temperature, initially 9 degrees, declines by 3 degrees and subsequently by a further 2 degrees.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x12:1
# text = The temperature, initially 9 degrees, declines by 3 degrees and subsequently by a further 2 degrees.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	initially	initially	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	degrees	degree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	declines	decline	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	degrees	degree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
13	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
16	further	further	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	degrees	degree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* State the final temperature.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x12:2
# text = State the final temperature.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	final	final	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was settled down for good.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:down:x13:1
# text = He was settled down for good.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	settled	settle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **settle down** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  | for good | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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