---
title: downhill — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «downhill» in the school dictionary: Downhill means going down a slope towards the bottom of a hill. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# downhill

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Going, game, It, hard part, We, you · **What happens:** mean, go down, go, get, be, race · **To what, where:** slope, bikes, ball, pond, first match, downhill ski race · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«downhill» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [downhill in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/downhill.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Downhill means going down a slope towards the bottom of a hill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:m1:1
# text = Downhill means going down a slope towards the bottom of a hill.
1	Downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	down	down	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	slope	slope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | downhill *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **go down** *not said to happen* | gerund |  | a slope |  |  |  | towards the bottom of a hill | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient slope=Extent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A downhill path or road slopes down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:m2:1
# text = A downhill path or road slopes down.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	downhill	downhill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	slopes	slope	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
7	down	down	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Going downhill can mean getting worse, like a game going downhill after a mistake.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:m3:1
# text = Going downhill can mean getting worse, like a game going downhill after a mistake.
1	Going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	getting	get	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	worse	bad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	going	go	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	acl	_	_
12	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	after	after	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	mistake	mistake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | downhill *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | can | Going |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **get** *not said to happen* | gerund | Going *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a game; bad *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **go** | gerund | a game *not said here* |  |  |  | after a mistake | downhill *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's all downhill from here can mean the hard part is over and it will be easy now.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:m4:1
# text = It's all downhill from here can mean the hard part is over and it will be easy now.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	all	all	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	obl	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	over	over	ADV	RB	_	8	ccomp	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	expl	_	_
16	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
17	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	cop	_	_
18	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
19	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | all, downhill *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | the hard part |  |  |  | now | over *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | future | the hard part *not said here* |  |  |  |  | easy *property* | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We raced downhill on our bikes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:x1:1
# text = We raced downhill on our bikes.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	raced	race	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	bikes	bike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **race** | past | We |  |  | our bikes |  | downhill *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on bike=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Brake gently when you're riding downhill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:x2:1
# text = Brake gently when you're riding downhill.
1	Brake	break	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	riding	ride	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
7	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | gently *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **ride** | present · progressive | you |  |  |  |  | downhill *property* | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Water always flows downhill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:x3:1
# text = Water always flows downhill.
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
3	flows	flow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flow** | present | Water |  |  |  |  | always, downhill *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ball rolled downhill into the pond.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:x4:1
# text = The ball rolled downhill into the pond.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	rolled	roll	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roll** | participle |  | the ball *not said here* |  | the pond |  | downhill *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into pond=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The walk back was easy because it was downhill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:x5:1
# text = The walk back was easy because it was downhill.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	back	back	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	easy	easy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the walk |  |  |  |  | easy *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | walk |  |  |  |  | downhill *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Things went downhill after we lost the first match.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:x6:1
# text = Things went downhill after we lost the first match.
1	Things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	amod	_	_
9	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | Things |  |  |  |  | downhill *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **lose** | past | we | the first match |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent match=Eventuality |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It's all downhill from here.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:x7:1
# text = It's all downhill from here.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	all	all	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | all, downhill *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She won the downhill ski race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:x8:1
# text = She won the downhill ski race.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	won	win	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	downhill	downhill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	ski	ski	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | past | She | the downhill ski race |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent race=Eventuality |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But as he did so it began to roll very gently downhill.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:downhill:x9:1
# text = But as he did so it began to roll very gently downhill.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	roll	roll	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	very	very	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
12	downhill	downhill	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **begin** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **roll** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | downhill, gently *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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