---
title: drawing — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «drawing» in the school dictionary: A drawing is a picture made with a pencil, pen or crayon, mostly with lines. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# drawing

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** drawing, activity, I, cat, you, flower · **What happens:** be, make, draw, do, labell, pin · **To what, where:** picture, art, pictures, ing form, line, curtains

<!-- .vabout -->
«drawing» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [drawing in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/drawing.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A drawing is a picture made with a pencil, pen or crayon, mostly with lines.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drawing:m1:1
# text = A drawing is a picture made with a pencil, pen or crayon, mostly with lines.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	drawing	drawing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pencil	pencil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	pen	pen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	crayon	crayon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	lines	line	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a drawing | a picture and lines |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a picture and lines *not said here* |  |  |  | with a pencil and pen or crayon | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drawing is the art or activity of making pictures like this.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drawing:m2:1
# text = Drawing is the art or activity of making pictures like this.
1	Drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
9	pictures	picture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | the art or activity |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | gerund | activity *not said here* | pictures |  |  |  | like this | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset picture=Product |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drawing is also the «-ing» form of «draw», as in drawing a line, drawing the curtains or drawing a raffle ticket.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drawing:m3:1
# text = Drawing is also the «-ing» form of «draw», as in drawing a line, drawing the curtains or drawing a raffle ticket.
1	Drawing	drawing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	ing	ing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
9	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	draw	draw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	parataxis	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	conj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	curtains	curtain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	_
24	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	conj	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	raffle	raffle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	ticket	ticket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Drawing | the ing form |  |  |  | of draw | tree rules |
| 2 | **draw** | gerund |  | a line |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Theme |
| 3 | **draw** | gerund |  | the curtains |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent curtain=Theme |
| 4 | **draw** | gerund |  | a raffle ticket |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ticket=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I did a drawing of my cat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drawing:x1:1
# text = I did a drawing of my cat.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	drawing	drawing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | I | a drawing of my cat |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drawing=Eventuality |
| 2 | **draw** |  | my cat |  |  |  |  |  | nom drawing «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drawing is my favourite lesson.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drawing:x2:1
# text = Drawing is my favourite lesson.
1	Drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	favourite	favourite	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | my favourite lesson |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Make a labelled drawing of a flower.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drawing:x3:1
# text = Make a labelled drawing of a flower.
1	Make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	labelled	labell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	drawing	drawing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | imperative | you *not said here* | a labelled drawing of a flower |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset drawing=Product |
| 2 | **labell** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **draw** |  | a flower |  |  |  |  |  | nom drawing «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We pinned our drawings on the wall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drawing:x4:1
# text = We pinned our drawings on the wall.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pinned	pin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	drawings	drawing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pin** | past | We | our drawings |  |  |  | on the wall | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent drawing=Patient on wall=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **draw** |  | our |  |  |  |  |  | nom drawing «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is drawing a triangle with a ruler.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drawing:x5:1
# text = She is drawing a triangle with a ruler.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	triangle	triangle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | present · progressive | She | a triangle |  |  |  | with a ruler | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent triangle=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The day was drawing to a close.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drawing:x6:1
# text = The day was drawing to a close.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past · progressive | the day |  |  | a close |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to close=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad is drawing the curtains because it is dark.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drawing:x7:1
# text = Dad is drawing the curtains because it is dark.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	curtains	curtain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | present · progressive | Dad | the curtains |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent curtain=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | dark *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The winner of the raffle is being drawn now, and they are drawing the tickets from a hat.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drawing:x8:1
# text = The winner of the raffle is being drawn now, and they are drawing the tickets from a hat.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	winner	winner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	raffle	raffle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
7	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	drawn	draw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	tickets	ticket	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | present · passive |  | the winner of the raffle |  |  | now |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **draw** | present · progressive | they | the tickets |  | a hat |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent ticket=Theme from hat=Initial\_Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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