---
title: driven — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «driven» in the school dictionary: Driven is a form of drive: to make a car, bus or train move and steer it. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# driven

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** bus, driven person, grief, He, she, They · **What happens:** drive, be, make, move, steer, mean · **To what, where:** Driven form, car, she, school, goal, state · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«driven» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [driven in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/driven.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Driven is a form of drive: to make a car, bus or train move and steer it.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:m1:1
# text = Driven is a form of drive: to make a car, bus or train move and steer it.
1	Driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	drive	drive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	move	move	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	steer	steer	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	conj	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | a Driven form |  |  |  | of drive | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | a car |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset car=Product |
| 4 | **move** | present | bus or train |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **steer** | present | bus or train *not said here* | car |  |  |  |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Driven means taken somewhere in a car: «she was driven to school».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:m2:1
# text = Driven means taken somewhere in a car: «she was driven to school».
1	Driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	somewhere	somewhere	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	3	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **take** | participle |  |  |  | a car |  | somewhere *property* | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in car=Location |
| 4 | **drive** *in a quote* | past · passive |  | she |  | school |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme to school=Trajectory |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Driven means pushed or moved by something: «a wind-driven mill».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:m3:1
# text = Driven means pushed or moved by something: «a wind-driven mill».
1	Driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	pushed	push	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	moved	move	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	mill	mill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **push** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **move** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by something | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme by something=Trajectory |
| 5 | **drive** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A driven person works very hard to reach a goal.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:m4:1
# text = A driven person works very hard to reach a goal.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	reach	reach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	goal	goal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **work** | present | a driven person |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **reach** | to-infinitive | a driven person *not said here* | a goal |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent goal=Theme |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Forced into a state, as when grief drives someone mad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:m5:1
# text = Forced into a state, as when grief drives someone mad.
1	Forced	force	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	into	into	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
8	grief	grief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	drives	drive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
10	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	9	obj	_	_
11	mad	mad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **force** | participle |  |  |  | a state |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **drive** | present | grief | someone |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He has driven 120 miles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:x1:1
# text = He has driven 120 miles.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	120	120	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | present · perfect | He | 120 miles |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mile=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The car is driven 40 miles a day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:x2:1
# text = The car is driven 40 miles a day.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | present · passive |  | the car |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme mile=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How far had she driven after 3 hours?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:x3:1
# text = How far had she driven after 3 hours?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	xcomp	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past |  | she |  |  |  | far *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **drive** | participle | she *not said here* |  |  |  | hour |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They have driven half the way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:x4:1
# text = They have driven half the way.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	half	half	DET	PDT	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Ind	6	det:predet	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | present · perfect | They | half way |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We were driven to the airport by Uncle Joe.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:x5:1
# text = We were driven to the airport by Uncle Joe.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	airport	airport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	Uncle	Uncle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Joe	Joe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | past · passive | Uncle Joe | We |  | the airport |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent subject=Theme to airport=Trajectory |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old mill was driven by the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:x6:1
# text = The old mill was driven by the river.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	mill	mill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | past · passive | the river | the old mill |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme subject=Trajectory |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is a driven player who trains every day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:x7:1
# text = She is a driven player who trains every day.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	trains	train	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | She | a driven player |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **train** | present | a driven player |  |  |  | day |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Have you ever driven a go-kart?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:driven:x8:1
# text = Have you ever driven a go-kart?
1	Have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
4	driven	drive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	go	go	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	kart	kart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drive** | present · perfect | you | a go kart |  |  | ever |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kart=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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