---
title: drum — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «drum» in the school dictionary: A drum is a musical instrument made of a hollow body with skin or plastic stretched over it, played by hitting it with sticks or hands. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# drum

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** drum, eardrum, brother, skin, Rain, She · **What happens:** be, make, stretch, play, hit, shape · **To what, where:** musical instrument, skin, drum, large container, fingers, something · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«drum» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [drum in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/drum.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A drum is a musical instrument made of a hollow body with skin or plastic stretched over it, played by hitting it with sticks or hands.

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:m1:1
# text = A drum is a musical instrument made of a hollow body with skin or plastic stretched over it, played by hitting it with sticks or hands.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	drum	drum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	musical	musical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	instrument	instrument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	hollow	hollow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	plastic	plastic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
16	stretched	stretch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
17	over	over	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
21	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
22	hitting	hit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	advcl	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	sticks	stick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
26	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a drum | a musical instrument |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a musical instrument *not said here* |  |  |  | of a hollow body with skin or plastic | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **stretch** | participle |  | skin or plastic *not said here* |  | drum |  |  | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over it=Location |
| 4 | **play** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **hit** | gerund |  | drum |  |  |  | with sticks or hands | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with stick=Instrument |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A drum is a large container shaped like a cylinder, for liquids: an oil drum.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:m2:1
# text = A drum is a large container shaped like a cylinder, for liquids: an oil drum.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	drum	drum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	container	container	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cylinder	cylinder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	liquids	liquid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	oil	oil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	drum	drum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a drum | a large container and a oil drum |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **shape** | participle |  | a large container and a oil drum *not said here* |  |  |  | like a cylinder; for liquids | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent for liquid=Asset |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To drum means to play a drum, or to tap again and again: drum your fingers.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:m3:1
# text = To drum means to play a drum, or to tap again and again: drum your fingers.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	drum	drum	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	csubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	drum	drum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	tap	tap	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
12	again	again	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	again	again	ADV	RB	_	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
16	drum	drum	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
17	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drum** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **play** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | a drum |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drum=Theme |
| 4 | **tap** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | again |  | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **drum** | infinitive |  | your fingers |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To drum something into someone means to teach it by repeating it many times.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:m4:1
# text = To drum something into someone means to teach it by repeating it many times.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	drum	drum	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	teach	teach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	repeating	repeat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	advcl	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drum** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  | into someone *result* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent something=Patient into someone=Result |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **teach** *speech: other* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  | it |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |
| 4 | **repeat** | gerund |  | it |  |  | time |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The eardrum is the thin skin inside your ear.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:m5:1
# text = The eardrum is the thin skin inside your ear.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	eardrum	eardrum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	thin	thin	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the eardrum | the thin skin |  | your ear |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My brother plays the drums in a band.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:x1:1
# text = My brother plays the drums in a band.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	plays	play	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	drums	drum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	band	band	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | present | My brother | the drums |  | a band |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drum=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The drum makes a sound when its skin vibrates.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:x2:1
# text = The drum makes a sound when its skin vibrates.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	drum	drum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	vibrates	vibrate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the drum | a sound |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material sound=Product |
| 2 | **vibrate** | present | drum's skin |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rain was drumming on the tin roof.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:x3:1
# text = Rain was drumming on the tin roof.
1	Rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	drumming	drum	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	tin	tin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drum** | past · progressive | Rain |  |  |  |  | on the tin roof | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent on roof=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She drummed her fingers on the desk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:x4:1
# text = She drummed her fingers on the desk.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	drummed	drum	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drum** | past | She | her fingers |  |  |  | on the desk | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent finger=Instrument on desk=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The road-safety rules were drummed into us.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:x5:1
# text = The road-safety rules were drummed into us.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	drummed	drum	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drum** | past · passive |  | the safety rules |  |  |  | into us *result* | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Patient into we=Result |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Very loud noise can damage your eardrums.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:x6:1
# text = Very loud noise can damage your eardrums.
1	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	damage	damage	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	eardrums	eardrum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **damage** | can | loud noise | your eardrums |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eardrum=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a drumroll before the winner was announced.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:x7:1
# text = There was a drumroll before the winner was announced.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	drumroll	drumroll	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	winner	winner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	announced	announce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a drumroll |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **announce** *speech: other* | past · passive |  | the winner |  |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Beetle smote upon the drum.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drum:x8:1
# text = The Beetle smote upon the drum.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Beetle	Beetle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	smote	smite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	drum	drum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smite** | past | the Beetle |  |  |  |  | upon the drum | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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