---
title: drumming — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «drumming» in the school dictionary: Drumming is playing a drum or drums. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# drumming

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Drumming, skill, She, rain, He, Taiko drumming · **What happens:** drum, play, repeat, be, tap, learn · **To what, where:** drum, repeated beating, sound, music, drums, me

<!-- .vabout -->
«drumming» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [drumming in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/drumming.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drumming is playing a drum or drums.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drumming:m1:1
# text = Drumming is playing a drum or drums.
1	Drumming	drum	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	playing	play	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	drum	drum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	drums	drum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drum** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **play** | present · progressive |  | a drum or drums |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drum=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drumming is a repeated beating or tapping sound, like rain on a roof or fingers on a table.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drumming:m2:1
# text = Drumming is a repeated beating or tapping sound, like rain on a roof or fingers on a table.
1	Drumming	drumming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	repeated	repeat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	beating	beating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	tapping	tap	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
8	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repeat** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Drumming | a repeated beating |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **tap** | gerund | Drumming *not said here* | sound |  |  |  | like rain on a roof or fingers on a table | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent sound=Location |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drumming is the music or skill of playing drums.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drumming:m3:1
# text = Drumming is the music or skill of playing drums.
1	Drumming	drumming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	playing	play	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
9	drums	drum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Drumming | the music or skill |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **play** | gerund | skill *not said here* | drums |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drum=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She is learning drumming at school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drumming:x1:1
# text = She is learning drumming at school.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	drumming	drum	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present · progressive | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **drum** | gerund | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at school | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at school=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The drumming of the rain kept me awake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drumming:x2:1
# text = The drumming of the rain kept me awake.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	drumming	drumming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	awake	awake	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | the drumming of the rain | me |  |  |  | awake *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
| 2 | **drum** |  | the rain |  |  |  |  |  | nom drumming «act intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was drumming his fingers on the desk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drumming:x3:1
# text = He was drumming his fingers on the desk.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	drumming	drum	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	desk	desk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drum** | past · progressive | He | his fingers |  |  |  | on the desk | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent finger=Instrument on desk=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Taiko drumming comes from Japan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drumming:x4:1
# text = Taiko drumming comes from Japan.
1	Taiko	Taiko	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	drumming	drumming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Taiko drumming |  |  | Japan |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from japan=Initial\_Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The woodpecker was drumming on the tree.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drumming:x5:1
# text = The woodpecker was drumming on the tree.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	woodpecker	woodpecker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	drumming	drum	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drum** | past · progressive | the woodpecker |  |  |  |  | on the tree | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent on tree=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We heard drumming from the parade.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drumming:x6:1
# text = We heard drumming from the parade.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	drumming	drum	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	parade	parade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **drum** | gerund | We *not said here* |  |  | the parade |  |  | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are drumming up support for the school fair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drumming:x7:1
# text = They are drumming up support for the school fair.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	drumming	drum	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	support	support	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	fair	fair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drum up** | present · progressive | They | support |  |  |  | for the school fair | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent support=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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