---
title: drunkard — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «drunkard» in the school dictionary: A drunkard is a person who drinks too much alcohol again and again, so that they are often drunk. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# drunkard

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** drunkard, person, they, you, I, old drunkard · **What happens:** be, drink, stagger, not become, beg, lose · **To what, where:** person, much alcohol, drunkard, you, farm

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«drunkard» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [drunkard in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/drunkard.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A drunkard is a person who drinks too much alcohol again and again, so that they are often drunk.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drunkard:m1:1
# text = A drunkard is a person who drinks too much alcohol again and again, so that they are often drunk.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	drunkard	drunkard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	drinks	drink	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	too	too	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	again	again	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	again	again	ADV	RB	_	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	20	mark	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	often	often	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	drunk	drunk	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a drunkard | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **drink** | present | a person | much alcohol |  |  | again |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alcohol=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | present | they |  |  |  |  | drunk, often *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The drunkard staggered home late at night.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drunkard:x1:1
# text = The drunkard staggered home late at night.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	drunkard	drunkard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	staggered	stagger	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	home	home	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	3	advmod	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stagger** | past | the drunkard |  |  |  | night | home, late *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't become a drunkard, I beg you.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drunkard:x2:1
# text = Don't become a drunkard, I beg you.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	become	become	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	drunkard	drunkard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	beg	beg	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **become** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | a drunkard |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **beg** *speech: request* | present | I |  | you |  |  |  | vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent you=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old drunkard lost his farm and his family.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:drunkard:x3:1
# text = The old drunkard lost his farm and his family.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	drunkard	drunkard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past | the old drunkard | drunkard's farm and drunkard's family |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent farm=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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