---
title: dugong — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «dugong» in the school dictionary: A dugong is a large, gentle sea mammal with a whale-like tail that grazes on seagrass in warm shallow seas, like a sea cow. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# dugong

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** dugong, like tail, Dugongs, Sailors · **What happens:** be, graze, munch, live, breathe, protect · **To what, where:** large gentle sea mammal, seagrass, shallow water, seas, mammal, air

<!-- .vabout -->
«dugong» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [dugong in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/dugong.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dugong is a large, gentle sea mammal with a whale-like tail that grazes on seagrass in warm shallow seas, like a sea cow.

<!-- fold The tree, 25 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dugong:m1:1
# text = A dugong is a large, gentle sea mammal with a whale-like tail that grazes on seagrass in warm shallow seas, like a sea cow.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dugong	dugong	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	gentle	gentle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	mammal	mammal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
12	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	like	like	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	grazes	graze	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	seagrass	seagrass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
22	shallow	shallow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	seas	sea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	like	like	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a dugong | a large gentle sea mammal |  |  |  | with a like tail | tree rules |
| 2 | **graze** | present | a like tail |  |  |  |  | in warm shallow seas and a sea cow; on seagrass | vn dine-39.5 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent on seagrass=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dugong munched seagrass in the shallow water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dugong:x1:1
# text = The dugong munched seagrass in the shallow water.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dugong	dugong	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	munched	munch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	seagrass	seagrass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	shallow	shallow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **munch** | past | the dugong | seagrass |  | the shallow water |  |  | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seagrass=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dugongs live in the seas around northern Australia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dugong:x2:1
# text = Dugongs live in the seas around northern Australia.
1	Dugongs	dugong	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	seas	sea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	around	around	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Australia	Australia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | Dugongs |  |  | the seas |  | around northern Australia | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sea=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A dugong is a mammal, so it breathes air.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dugong:x3:1
# text = A dugong is a mammal, so it breathes air.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dugong	dugong	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	mammal	mammal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	breathes	breathe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a dugong | a mammal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **breathe** | present | dugong | air |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dugongs are protected because they are endangered.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dugong:x4:1
# text = Dugongs are protected because they are endangered.
1	Dugongs	dugong	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	protected	protect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	endangered	endangered	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present · passive |  | Dugongs |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **is** | present | Dugongs *= dugong* |  |  |  |  | endangered *property* | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sailors may have mistaken dugongs for mermaids.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:dugong:x5:1
# text = Sailors may have mistaken dugongs for mermaids.
1	Sailors	sailor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	mistaken	mistake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	dugongs	dugong	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	mermaids	mermaid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mistake** | may · perfect | Sailors | dugongs |  |  |  | for mermaids | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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