---
title: duly — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «duly» in the school dictionary: Duly means in the proper way, as expected or required, and at the right time. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# duly

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**Who acts:** Duly, neighbour · **What happens:** mean, expect, require, take, cure, thank · **To what, where:** proper way, medicine, guests, speech, rent, end

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«duly» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [duly in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/duly.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Duly means in the proper way, as expected or required, and at the right time.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duly:m1:1
# text = Duly means in the proper way, as expected or required, and at the right time.
1	Duly	Duly	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	proper	proper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	expected	expect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Duly |  |  |  |  | in the proper way | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute |
| 2 | **expect** | participle |  | the proper way *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **require** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The neighbour took the medicine and was duly cured.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duly:x1:1
# text = The neighbour took the medicine and was duly cured.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	duly	duly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	cured	cure	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the neighbour | the medicine |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent medicine=Theme |
| 2 | **cure** | past · passive | the neighbour *not said here* |  |  |  |  | duly *property* | vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme» |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The guests were duly thanked in the speech.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duly:x2:1
# text = The guests were duly thanked in the speech.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	guests	guest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	duly	duly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	thanked	thank	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thank** *speech: thank* | past · passive |  | the guests |  | the speech |  | duly *property* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rent was paid duly at the end of the month.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:duly:x3:1
# text = The rent was paid duly at the end of the month.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rent	rent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	duly	duly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | past · passive |  | the rent |  |  | at the end of the month | duly *property* | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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